الإنقاذ مهم اليوم.

A common pronunciation is:

al-inqādh muhimm al-yawm

If you pronounce full case endings in careful MSA, it is:

al-inqādhu muhimmun al-yawma

A few notes:

• ق in إنقاذ is a deep q sound, not an English k.
• ذ sounds like th in this.
• مهم is pronounced roughly muhimm.
• In normal pause at the end of a sentence, final case vowels are often not pronounced.

Because Arabic usually does not use a present-tense verb meaning is/am/are in simple sentences like this.

So:

• الإنقاذ مهم اليوم = Rescue is important today

This is called a nominal sentence in Arabic.
The idea of is is understood automatically.

If you wanted a past or future meaning, then Arabic would use a verb, such as كان for was.

It is a nominal sentence: a sentence that begins with a noun.

Its parts are:

• الإنقاذ = the subject/topic (mubtadaʾ)
• مهم = the predicate/comment (khabar)
• اليوم = an adverbial expression of time, today

So the structure is basically:

[subject] + [description/comment] + [time expression]

Because مهم is not an adjective directly attached to الإنقاذ in the sense of the important rescue.
Instead, it is the predicate of the sentence: it tells you something about الإنقاذ.

So this means:

• الإنقاذ مهم = Rescue is important

Compare that with an actual noun + adjective phrase:

• الإنقاذ المهم = the important rescue

That phrase is not a full sentence by itself; it is just a noun phrase.

This is very common in Arabic nominal sentences.

• الإنقاذ is the subject, and it is definite here.
• مهم is the predicate, and predicates are often indefinite.

So:

• الإنقاذ مهم = Rescue / the rescue is important

But if you said:

• الإنقاذ المهم

that would mean the important rescue, not the rescue is important.

So the absence of الـ on مهم helps show that it is the predicate, not a descriptive adjective inside a noun phrase.

الـ is the Arabic definite article, like the in English.

So literally:

• الإنقاذ = the rescue / the saving
• اليوم = the day

But Arabic often uses اليوم idiomatically to mean today.

So in this sentence, اليوم is best understood as:

• today

not necessarily as the very literal English phrase the day.

Because الإنقاذ is treated as a masculine singular noun.

إنقاذ is a verbal noun, and verbal nouns are commonly treated as singular nouns.
So the predicate matches that with masculine singular form:

• مهم = important

If the subject were feminine, you would usually see:

• مهمة = important (feminine)

For example:

• المهمة مهمة = The task is important

In fully vocalized formal Arabic, the sentence would be:

الإنقاذُ مهمٌّ اليومَ

Here is why:

• الإنقاذُ takes ḍammah because it is the mubtadaʾ (subject of the nominal sentence).
• مهمٌّ takes ḍammah because it is the khabar (predicate).
• اليومَ is often analyzed as an adverb of time, so it appears with fatḥah.

In ordinary writing, these short vowels are usually omitted:

• الإنقاذ مهم اليوم

Yes, depending on context.

Arabic often uses a definite noun where English might choose either:

• a general abstract noun: Rescue is important today
• or a specific one: The rescue is important today

Without more context, both are possible.
If the sentence appears in a general statement, it may feel more like:

• Rescue is important today

If it refers to a particular situation, it may feel more like:

• The rescue is important today

Yes, Arabic allows some flexibility.

The basic order here is:

• الإنقاذ مهم اليوم

But you may also see:

• الإنقاذ اليوم مهم
• اليوم الإنقاذ مهم

These can slightly shift the emphasis:

• الإنقاذ مهم اليوم = neutral
• اليوم الإنقاذ مهم = stronger emphasis on today

The basic meaning stays similar, though context and style affect what sounds most natural.