في حال خدش، تحتاج شركة التأمين تقرير الحادث.

في حال means in the event of, in case of, or if there is.

Literally:

• في = in
• حال = state, condition, case

So في حال خدش is literally something like in the case of a scratch.

A learner should also know that:

• في حال is often followed by a noun or a fuller phrase.
• If Arabic uses a full clause after it, you may also see something like إذا or في حال حدوث...

For example:

• في حال خدش = in case of a scratch
• إذا حدث خدش = if a scratch happens

Because Arabic often allows a short, compressed phrase where English might prefer a fuller clause.

Here, في حال خدش is a compact way of saying:

• في حال حدوث خدش = in the event of a scratch occurring
• في حال وجود خدش = in the event that there is a scratch

This kind of shortening is very common in:

• instructions
• notices
• official language
• forms and insurance language

So the sentence is not incomplete; it is just condensed.

Because it means a scratch, not the scratch.

So:

• خدش = a scratch / scratching
• الخدش = the scratch

In this sentence, the meaning is general: any scratch, not one already identified.

If fully vowelled in this phrase, it would be:

• في حالِ خدشٍ

Here خدشٍ is:

• indefinite
• genitive, because it comes after حال in an iḍāfa-like structure

Because the subject is شركة التأمين = the insurance company, and the head noun شركة is feminine singular.

Important point:

• شركة is grammatically feminine.
• The verb must agree with it in gender.

So:

• تحتاج = she/it needs
• here it means the company needs

Even though English uses it, Arabic still treats شركة as feminine.

Because this is an iḍāfa construction, often called a construct phrase.

شركة التأمين literally means:

• company of the insurance

But naturally in English:

• the insurance company

How iḍāfa works:

• the first noun usually does not take ال
• the second noun shows definiteness

So:

• شركة التأمين = the insurance company
• شركة تأمين = an insurance company / insurance company in a general sense

This is a very common pattern in Arabic:

• باب البيت = the door of the house
• مدير المدرسة = the school principal
• شركة التأمين = the insurance company

This is an excellent question, because many learners are taught that احتاج / يحتاج normally takes إلى.

In careful or traditional MSA, the more standard wording would be:

في حال خدش، تحتاج شركة التأمين إلى تقرير الحادث.

That means:

• تحتاج إلى = needs

So why does your sentence omit إلى?

A few points:

• In modern usage, some writers use تحتاج directly with an object.
• It is widely understood.
• But in formal MSA, many teachers and grammars still prefer تحتاج إلى.

So for safest formal Arabic, you should usually say:

تحتاج شركة التأمين إلى تقرير الحادث

rather than

تحتاج شركة التأمين تقرير الحادث

Again, this is an iḍāfa construction.

تقرير الحادث literally means:

• report of the accident

In natural English, that often becomes:

• the accident report
• the report of the accident

In iḍāfa:

• the first noun usually does not take ال
• the second noun determines definiteness

So:

• تقرير الحادث = the accident report
• تقرير حادث = an accident report / a report of an accident

That is why التقرير الحادث is not the normal form here.

If you read the sentence exactly as written, one possible full vocalization is:

فِي حَالِ خَدْشٍ، تَحْتَاجُ شَرِكَةُ التَّأْمِينِ تَقْرِيرَ الْحَادِثِ.

Breakdown:

• فِي = preposition
• حَالِ = genitive after في
• خَدْشٍ = genitive as the second term in the construct
• تَحْتَاجُ = present tense verb
• شَرِكَةُ = nominative subject
• التَّأْمِينِ = genitive, because it is the second noun in شركة التأمين
• تَقْرِيرَ = accusative direct object
• الْحَادِثِ = genitive, because it is the second noun in تقرير الحادث

If you use the more standard تحتاج إلى, then it becomes:

فِي حَالِ خَدْشٍ، تَحْتَاجُ شَرِكَةُ التَّأْمِينِ إِلَى تَقْرِيرِ الْحَادِثِ.

Now تقريرِ is genitive because it follows the preposition إلى.

They are not the same word.

• خدش = scratch
• حادث = accident / incident

So why do both appear in one sentence?

Because in insurance language, even a minor scratch may still require an official report connected to the incident or accident. So the document can be called:

• تقرير الحادث = the accident report / incident report

In other words:

• خدش describes the type of damage
• الحادث refers to the event being reported

Here it is functioning as a noun meaning scratch.

Arabic roots often produce words that can feel verbal in origin, but in this sentence خدش is being used as a thing/event:

• a scratch
• scratching damage

So the phrase في حال خدش is understood as:

• in the event of a scratch not
• in the event of scratching in an active verbal sense

Yes. The original is understandable, but Arabic often uses fuller versions that sound more explicit, especially for learners.

Some common alternatives are:

• في حال حدوث خدش، تحتاج شركة التأمين إلى تقرير الحادث.
  In the event of a scratch occurring, the insurance company needs the accident report.

• إذا حدث خدش، تحتاج شركة التأمين إلى تقرير الحادث.
  If a scratch happens, the insurance company needs the accident report.

• عند وجود خدش، تحتاج شركة التأمين إلى تقرير الحادث.
  When there is a scratch, the insurance company needs the accident report.

For a learner of formal MSA, the version with إلى is usually the safest choice.