تصل شاحنة السحب بسبب التصادم.

Because Arabic often uses verb–subject–object/complement order, especially in simple statements.

So:

• تصل شاحنة السحب = arrives the tow truck → natural Arabic word order
• In smoother English, this becomes The tow truck arrives

Arabic can also use subject–verb order:

• شاحنة السحب تصل بسبب التصادم

This is also correct, but it gives the subject a bit more emphasis.

Because شاحنة is a feminine singular noun, and the verb agrees with it.

• شاحنة = truck
• Grammatically, it is feminine
• So the verb is تصل = she/it arrives

In Arabic, many nouns that are not biologically female are still grammatically feminine. A truck is one of them because the word شاحنة is feminine.

Literally, it means truck of towing/pulling.

This is an iḍāfa construction, often called a possessive or genitive construction:

• شاحنة = truck
• السحب = towing / pulling

Together:

• شاحنة السحب = tow truck

So Arabic is building the idea more literally than English.

Because this is an iḍāfa construction.

In an iḍāfa:

• the first noun usually does not take الـ
• the second noun can carry definiteness
• the whole phrase can become definite through the second noun

So:

• شاحنة السحب = the tow truck

Even though شاحنة itself has no الـ, the phrase is definite because of the structure.

It is written as one unit, but it is historically and grammatically:

• بـ = with/by/because of
• سبب = cause/reason

So بسبب means because of.

It functions like a preposition and is followed by a noun phrase:

• بسبب التصادم = because of the collision

This is a very common expression in Modern Standard Arabic.

Because التصادم is the noun being governed by بسبب.

• تصادم = collision / crashing into each other
• التصادم = the collision

So:

• بسبب التصادم = because of the collision

Also, التصادم is definite here, probably because the sentence refers to a specific collision already known in context.

With full vowel endings, it would be:

تَصِلُ شاحِنَةُ السَّحْبِ بِسَبَبِ التَّصادُمِ

Here is why:

• تصلُ → verb in the indicative
• شاحنةُ → subject, so nominative
• السحبِ → second term of iḍāfa, so genitive
• بسببِ → after the preposition بـ, so genitive
• التصادمِ → also genitive as the noun attached to سبب

In normal Arabic writing, these short vowels are usually omitted.

Yes. That is also grammatical.

Compare:

• تصل شاحنة السحب بسبب التصادم → verb-first, very typical Arabic narrative style
• شاحنة السحب تصل بسبب التصادم → subject-first, often slightly more emphasis on the tow truck

Both are correct. The first one is just more classically Arabic in feel.

No. Here السحب comes from the root meaning to pull / drag.

That matters because سحب can be confusing:

• سَحْب = pulling, dragging, towing
• السحب in this sentence = towing / pulling
• السُّحُب with different vowels can mean clouds

Since Arabic is usually written without short vowels, context tells you which meaning is intended. In شاحنة السحب, it clearly means tow truck, not anything related to clouds.

A careful pronunciation is:

taṣilu shāḥinatu s-saḥbi bisababi t-taṣādumi

A few notes:

• تصل = ta-ṣi-lu
• شاحنة = shā-ḥi-na-tu
• السحب here is pronounced roughly as-saḥb in pause, or as-saḥbi with case ending
• بسبب = bi-sa-ba-bi
• التصادم = at-ta-ṣā-dum or at-ta-ṣādumi with case ending

The ال often assimilates in pronunciation before certain letters. In التصادم, the l sound is not pronounced clearly; you hear something like at-taṣādum.

Not exactly.

• حادث = accident / incident
• تصادم = collision / crash

So التصادم focuses more specifically on the idea of vehicles or objects colliding. A حادث is broader and can refer to many kinds of accidents or incidents.

In this sentence, التصادم is more precise if the reason for the tow truck’s arrival is a crash.