يحب صديقي المفاجأة.

Because this is a normal verbal sentence in Arabic: verb + subject + object.

So:

• يحب = likes / loves
• صديقي = my friend
• المفاجأة = the surprise

Arabic can also say صديقي يحب المفاجأة, but starting with the verb is very common in Modern Standard Arabic.

صديقي literally breaks down as:

• صديق = friend
• ـي = my

So صديقي means my friend.

The ـي at the end is a attached pronoun suffix meaning my. Arabic often expresses possession this way instead of using a separate word like English my.

In Arabic, possession is often shown by adding a suffix directly to the noun.

For example:

• كتاب = book
• كتابي = my book

So:

• صديق = friend
• صديقي = my friend

This is one of the most common patterns in Arabic.

صديقي is the subject of the verb يحب.

In traditional Arabic grammar, it is the فاعل (the doer of the action).
So in يحب صديقي المفاجأة, my friend is the one doing the liking.

المفاجأة is the direct object of the verb يحب.

It is the thing being liked. In traditional grammar, it is the مفعول به.

So:

• يحب = likes
• صديقي = the one who likes
• المفاجأة = the thing liked

Because the subject صديقي is masculine singular: my friend.

The verb يحب means he likes or he loves.

If the subject were feminine, the verb would change:

• تحب صديقتي المفاجأة = my (female) friend likes the surprise

So the verb form matches the gender of the subject.

Because the noun is written with the definite article الـ, which usually means the.

So:

• مفاجأة = a surprise / surprise
• المفاجأة = the surprise

In Arabic, whether a noun is definite or indefinite is shown directly in the word itself, unlike English where it often depends on a separate word like the or a.

In full grammatical analysis:

• صديقي is the subject, so it is nominative
• المفاجأة is the direct object, so it is accusative

In normal unvoweled writing, you usually do not see those endings written clearly.

If fully vowelled, it would be:

• يحبُّ صديقي المفاجأةَ

The final fatḥa on المفاجأةَ shows the accusative.

For صديقي, the case is understood from grammar, even though the ending is not obvious because of the ـي suffix.

Because the word has the suffix ـي (my) attached to it.

When a noun ends with the first-person singular possessive suffix, the normal case ending is often not clearly visible in the usual written form. The grammatical case is still there in analysis, but it is not easy to see on the surface.

So صديقي can function as nominative, accusative, or genitive depending on the sentence, and you identify its role from context and syntax.

It is pronounced roughly as al-mufājaʾa(h).

A few important points:

• الـ = al-
• the أ represents a hamza, a small glottal stop
• the final ة is tāʾ marbūṭa

In pause, many speakers pronounce the final ة like -a or -ah.
In full grammatical reading with case endings, it behaves like a t sound before the ending:

• المفاجأةُ
• المفاجأةَ
• المفاجأةِ

So learners often hear both the idea of a final -a(h) in pause and the grammatical t value in careful reading.

Yes. That is also correct.

Compare:

• يحب صديقي المفاجأة = verb-first
• صديقي يحب المفاجأة = subject-first

Both are grammatical. The first is a typical verbal sentence, while the second feels more like putting focus on my friend.

For a beginner, both are useful to recognize.

It can mean either, depending on context.

The verb أحبّ / يحبّ often covers both to like and to love in English translation. The exact choice depends on what sounds natural in context.

So in this sentence, يحب could be understood as likes or loves, depending on the intended meaning already given to the learner.

It is a verbal sentence because it begins with a verb: يحب.

In Arabic grammar:

• A sentence beginning with a verb is a verbal sentence
• A sentence beginning with a noun is a nominal sentence

So يحب صديقي المفاجأة is verbal, while صديقي يحب المفاجأة begins with a noun and is often treated differently in grammatical description.