هذه مقابلة عمل.

Because مقابلة is a feminine singular noun, and the demonstrative has to agree with it.

• هذا = this for masculine singular nouns
• هذه = this for feminine singular nouns

A common clue is the ending ة on مقابلة, which often marks a feminine noun.

It is not stated explicitly. In Arabic, the present-tense verb to be is usually omitted in sentences like this.

So هذه مقابلة عمل literally looks like this job interview, but it means This is a job interview.

This kind of sentence is called a nominal sentence in Arabic.

In careful MSA pronunciation, it is:

hādhihi muqābalatu ʿamalin

In normal unvocalized reading, learners often say something closer to:

hādhihi muqābalat ʿamal

A few pronunciation notes:

• هذه = hādhihi
• مقابلة = muqābala by itself, but it changes in this phrase; see below
• عمل begins with ع, a deep throat sound often written ʿ in transliteration: ʿamal

Because the word ends in ة (tāʾ marbūṭa).

• When a word ending in ة is said by itself, it is usually pronounced like -a / -ah
• When it is connected grammatically to what follows, it is pronounced -at or -t

So:

• by itself: مقابلة → muqābala(h)
• in this phrase: مقابلة عمل → muqābalat ʿamal

It is an iḍāfa construction, often called a construct phrase.

This is a very common Arabic pattern where two nouns are linked directly:

• مقابلة = interview
• عمل = work / job

Together, مقابلة عمل means job interview.

Word-for-word, it is something like interview of work, but in natural English we say job interview.

Because the phrase is indefinite here: a job interview.

Also, in an iḍāfa, the first noun does not take ال.

Compare:

• مقابلة عمل = a job interview
• مقابلة العمل = the job interview

In other words, the definiteness of the whole iḍāfa is determined by the second noun.

Because مقابلة is the first term of an iḍāfa, and the first term of an iḍāfa does not take tanwīn.

So in fully vowelled Arabic, you would not write مقابلةٌ عملٍ. Instead, it would be:

مقابلةُ عملٍ

That is one of the signs that the noun is in a construct relationship with the noun after it.

In fully vowelled MSA, the sentence is:

هٰذِهِ مُقَابَلَةُ عَمَلٍ

Or in transliteration:

hādhihi muqābalatu ʿamalin

The grammar is:

• هذه = the subject of the nominal sentence
• مقابلةُ = the predicate, so it is nominative
• عملٍ = the second noun in the iḍāfa, so it is genitive

Literally, عمل often means work, but in this expression it corresponds naturally to job in English.

So even though a word-for-word gloss might look like work interview, the normal English meaning is job interview.

Arabic often uses broader nouns in compounds like this.

No. The demonstrative agrees with the noun مقابلة, not with the person being interviewed.

Since مقابلة is grammatically feminine, you must say:

هذه مقابلة عمل

even if the job candidate is male.