صديقي يفكك الأريكة ويحزم الستارة ويغلف المصباح.

The base noun is صديق, meaning friend. When you add ـي to the end, it becomes صديقي, meaning my friend.

So the pattern is:

• صديق = friend
• صديقي = my friend

That final ـي is a possessive suffix meaning my.

Because the verb already tells you the subject is he.

In Arabic, forms like يفكك, يحزم, and يغلف already include:

• third person
• singular
• masculine

So Arabic does not need a separate هو here. Adding هو would usually make it more emphatic, not more grammatical.

They are in the imperfect form. In Modern Standard Arabic, the imperfect often covers:

• present actions
• habitual actions
• sometimes near-future meaning, depending on context

So here they can be understood as he disassembles / is disassembling, he packs / is packing, and he wraps / is wrapping.

In the imperfect, يـ is the marker often used for he.

So:

• يفكك = he disassembles
• يحزم = he packs
• يغلف = he wraps

If the subject changed, the beginning of the verb would usually change too. For example, with a feminine singular subject, you would often get تـ instead.

Because و means and, and Arabic commonly repeats it in a series.

So:

• ويحزم = and he packs
• ويغلف = and he wraps

This is very normal Arabic style. English can do something similar, but Arabic uses repeated و very naturally and often.

Because they all have الـ, the definite article, which usually corresponds to the in English.

So:

• الأريكة = the sofa
• الستارة = the curtain
• المصباح = the lamp

Arabic has الـ for definiteness, but it does not have a separate word for a/an. An indefinite noun is usually just written without الـ.

Arabic allows both patterns:

• subject + verb + object
• verb + subject + object

So this sentence begins with the subject:

• صديقي يفكك...

That is perfectly normal. It can make the sentence feel a little more centered on my friend as the topic.

A verb-first version is also possible in many cases:

• يفكك صديقي الأريكة...

Both are grammatical, though the style and emphasis can differ slightly.

It is not pronounced the same way in every word, because of the sun-letter / moon-letter rule.

Here:

• الأريكة → al- is pronounced normally
• الستارة → the ل of الـ is assimilated, so it sounds like as-sitārah
• المصباح → al- is pronounced normally

So الستارة is the special one here, because س is a sun letter.

In fully inflected MSA, the direct objects would normally be in the accusative:

• الأريكةَ
• الستارةَ
• المصباحَ

The subject is nominative. With صديقي, the case is present grammatically, but the ending is not as obvious because of the attached ـي.

In ordinary written Arabic, these short vowel endings are usually not written, so learners often see just:

• صديقي
• الأريكة
• الستارة
• المصباح

They are similar in the general area of handling or preparing objects, but they are not the same.

• يحزم suggests packing, bundling, or tying up for transport/storage
• يغلف suggests wrapping, covering, or putting a covering around something

So the sentence is using two different actions:

• one for packing up the curtain
• one for wrapping/covering the lamp

You would change صديقي to صديقتي, and the verbs would become feminine singular:

صديقتي تفكك الأريكة وتحزم الستارة وتغلف المصباح.

The main change is that the imperfect verbs now begin with تـ instead of يـ.

Because normal Arabic writing usually leaves out most short vowels and other pronunciation marks.

So in fully vocalized form, these verbs could appear more explicitly, but in everyday text they are usually written in a lighter form such as:

• يفكك
• يحزم
• يغلف

Arabic readers are expected to know the correct reading from vocabulary and context. This is one of the normal challenges for learners.