صديقي يقرأ ساعات الزيارة ويحجز تذكرة الدخول مسبقا.

صديقي is made of:

• صديق = friend
• ـي = my

So صديقي literally means my friend.

When a noun has a possessive suffix like ـي, it is already definite, so you do not add ال. That is why Arabic says صديقي, not الصديقي.

Arabic allows more than one normal word order.

Here, صديقي يقرأ... is a noun-first sentence structure, similar to My friend reads... in English. It puts my friend first as the topic.

Arabic could also say:

يقرأ صديقي ساعات الزيارة...

That is also grammatical. Starting with صديقي simply gives the subject a little more prominence.

يقرأ is the imperfect (non-past) form of the verb قرأ = to read.

The prefix يـ shows that it is third person masculine singular:

• يقرأ = he reads / he is reading

Because the subject is صديقي (my friend, masculine singular), this verb form matches it.

The hamza in يقرأ is part of the root قرأ, so it stays in the spelling.

Literally, يقرأ means reads.

But in natural English, when someone looks up posted information like hours, schedules, or notices, we often say checks instead of reads. So:

• literal: He reads the visiting hours
• natural English: He checks the visiting hours

So the Arabic is still using the ordinary verb to read, even if the best English translation sounds a little different.

ساعات الزيارة is an iḍāfa construction (often called a genitive or “of” construction).

It is made of:

• ساعات = hours
• الزيارة = the visit / visiting

Together, it means visiting hours or literally the hours of visiting.

A key rule of iḍāfa:

• the first noun usually does not take ال
• the second noun can make the whole phrase definite

So even though only الزيارة has ال, the whole phrase ساعات الزيارة is definite.

Also, ساعات here means hours, not watches/clocks.

Arabic often uses a singular noun as the second part of an iḍāfa to express a general category.

So ساعات الزيارة literally means hours of visiting, which is the normal Arabic way to say visiting hours.

This is very common and does not sound strange in Arabic.

Because the subject is still the same: صديقي.

The و in ويحجز simply means and, and Arabic does not need to repeat the subject if it is clear. So:

صديقي يقرأ ... ويحجز ...

means:

My friend reads/checks ... and books/reserves ...

The verb يحجز is also in the third person masculine singular, so it naturally refers back to صديقي.

This is another iḍāfa construction:

• تذكرة = ticket
• الدخول = entry / admission

So تذكرة الدخول means:

• entry ticket
• admission ticket
• ticket for entry

Again, in an iḍāfa, the first noun normally does not take ال. The second noun الدخول is definite, so the whole phrase becomes definite.

Here يحجز means books or reserves.

This verb is very commonly used with things like:

• تذكرة = ticket
• مقعد = seat
• غرفة = room
• موعد = appointment

So يحجز تذكرة الدخول means he books/reserves the entry ticket.

مسبقًا means in advance or beforehand.

It works like an adverb, modifying يحجز:

• يحجز تذكرة الدخول مسبقًا = he books the entry ticket in advance

Putting it at the end is very natural in Arabic.

If fully vocalized, it is usually written مسبقًا.

In normal Arabic writing, short vowels are usually not written.

If the sentence is fully vocalized, it would look like this:

صديقي يقرأُ ساعاتَ الزيارةِ ويحجزُ تذكرةَ الدخولِ مسبقًا.

A few useful points:

• يقرأُ and يحجزُ are in the normal indicative form
• ساعاتَ and تذكرةَ are direct objects, so they are accusative
• الزيارةِ and الدخولِ are genitive because they are the second noun in an iḍāfa
• مسبقًا is an adverbial accusative form

So even though the unvocalized sentence does not show these endings, they are still there grammatically.