بطاقة المعلومات قرب القطعة الأثرية.

In Arabic, present-tense sentences like this often do not use a separate word for is.

So Arabic can say:

بطاقة المعلومات قرب القطعة الأثرية

and the meaning is understood as The information card is near the artifact.

This is called a nominal sentence. In the present tense, Arabic usually leaves out the verb to be. If you wanted was or will be, then Arabic would normally show that.

Because بطاقة المعلومات is an iḍāfa construction, often called a genitive/construct phrase.

In an iḍāfa:

• the first noun usually does not take ال
• the second noun determines whether the whole phrase is definite

Here:

• بطاقة = card
• المعلومات = the information

Together:

• بطاقة المعلومات = the information card

So even though بطاقة does not have ال, the whole phrase is definite because المعلومات is definite.

Because بطاقة is followed by another noun in an iḍāfa phrase.

A taa marbuuṭa (ة) is often pronounced like -a / -ah when the word stands alone, but it is pronounced as t when:

• the word is in an iḍāfa construction
• or when case endings are fully pronounced

So:

• alone: بطاقة → roughly biṭāqah
• in بطاقة المعلومات → biṭāqat al-maʿlūmāt

This is very common in Arabic.

Arabic commonly uses معلومات as the normal word for information, even though it is grammatically a plural form.

It comes from:

• معلومة = a piece of information / a fact
• معلومات = information / pieces of information

So even if English treats information as uncountable, Arabic often uses this plural-looking form in everyday standard usage.

قرب here means near or in the vicinity of.

In grammar terms, it functions like a location expression. You can think of it as a noun used adverbially, something like nearness/proximity to.

So:

• قرب القطعة الأثرية = near the artifact

A learner may expect بالقرب من because that is also very common:

• بالقرب من القطعة الأثرية

That version also means near the artifact.
The sentence you have is simply a shorter, very natural formal style.

Because قرب can directly connect to the following noun as part of a construct-like expression.

So Arabic can say:

• قرب القطعة الأثرية

without من.

But Arabic also very commonly uses:

• بالقرب من القطعة الأثرية

Both are correct. The version with بالقرب من may feel more explicit to learners, while the shorter قرب + noun is also standard and common.

Because in Arabic, adjectives come after the noun they describe.

So:

• القطعة = the piece/item
• الأثرية = archaeological / antiquarian

Together:

• القطعة الأثرية = the archaeological piece / the artifact

This is the normal order in Arabic:

• noun + adjective

not

• adjective + noun

Because Arabic adjectives must match the noun they describe in definiteness.

Since القطعة is definite, the adjective must also be definite:

• القطعة الأثرية

not

• القطعة أثرية

Arabic adjectives typically agree with the noun in:

• definiteness
• gender
• number
• case (in fully vocalized Arabic)

So the matching ال on both words is exactly what you expect.

Because قطعة is a feminine noun, and the adjective must agree with it.

So:

• قطعة = feminine
• therefore أثرية must also be feminine

That is why you see:

• القطعة الأثرية

and not the masculine form الأثري.

Not word-for-word. Literally, it is closer to the archaeological piece/item.

But in context, it is a very natural formal Arabic expression for an artifact or archaeological object.

So a more literal breakdown is:

• قطعة = piece/item
• أثرية = archaeological / antiquarian / related to antiquities

Together, the phrase is commonly used for museum or heritage contexts.

A fully vocalized reading would typically be:

بِطَاقَةُ المَعْلُومَاتِ قُرْبَ القِطْعَةِ الأَثَرِيَّةِ

Very roughly:

• بِطَاقَةُ = subject, nominative
• المَعْلُومَاتِ = genitive because it is the second part of the iḍāfa
• قُرْبَ = an adverbial/location expression
• القِطْعَةِ الأَثَرِيَّةِ = genitive after قرب

In normal everyday reading, short vowels are usually omitted, so learners mostly see:

بطاقة المعلومات قرب القطعة الأثرية

and understand it from context.