موعد المغادرة وموعد الوصول في لوحة المغادرة.

Because in Modern Standard Arabic, the present-tense verb to be is usually omitted.

So Arabic can say:

موعد المغادرة وموعد الوصول في لوحة المغادرة

where English would say:

The departure time and the arrival time are on the departure board.

This is a normal nominal sentence in Arabic: the sentence simply puts the noun phrase together with a phrase telling you where it is.

Repeating موعد makes the sentence clearer.

• موعد المغادرة = departure time
• موعد الوصول = arrival time

If you said موعد المغادرة والوصول, it could sound like one shared time for both, or at least be less precise. Repeating the noun shows clearly that there are two separate times being referred to.

Because this is an iḍāfa construction, often called the construct phrase.

In an iḍāfa:

• the first noun usually does not take الـ
• the second noun determines whether the whole phrase is definite

So:

• موعد المغادرة = the departure time
• literally: time of the departure

Even though موعد has no الـ, the whole phrase is definite because المغادرة is definite.

It is an iḍāfa phrase.

Breakdown:

• موعد = time / scheduled time
• المغادرة = departure

Together:

• موعد المغادرة = departure time
• literally: the time of departure

The same pattern appears in:

• موعد الوصول = arrival time
• لوحة المغادرة = departure board

They are related, but not identical.

• وقت = time in a general sense
• موعد = a set time, scheduled time, appointment, or arranged time

In travel contexts, موعد is very natural because departures and arrivals usually happen according to a schedule.

So here موعد fits better than وقت.

No, they are nouns, not finite verbs.

More specifically, they are verbal nouns:

• المغادرة = departure
• الوصول = arrival

That is why they can follow another noun in an iḍāfa construction:

• موعد المغادرة = departure time
• موعد الوصول = arrival time

So the sentence is built out of nouns and a prepositional phrase, not out of a main verb.

Because it tells you where the information is found: on the departure board.

Arabic often places this kind of location phrase after the main items being talked about. So the sentence first names the two things:

• موعد المغادرة
• وموعد الوصول

and then says where they are:

• في لوحة المغادرة

That one phrase applies to both of the earlier nouns.

It appears twice, but it does not play the same role both times.

1. In موعد المغادرة, it means departure as the event whose time is being given.
2. In لوحة المغادرة, it describes the type of board: the departure board.

So this is not a mistake or unnecessary repetition. Arabic often repeats a word when it belongs to two different phrases.

A careful fully-vowelled reading is:

مَوْعِدُ المُغَادَرَةِ وَمَوْعِدُ الوُصُولِ فِي لَوْحَةِ المُغَادَرَةِ

A few useful grammar notes:

• موعدُ is nominative because it is part of the main subject phrase.
• المغادرةِ is genitive because it is the second noun in an iḍāfa.
• الوصولِ is also genitive for the same reason.
• لوحةِ is genitive after the preposition في.
• the last المغادرةِ is genitive because it is the second noun in لوحة المغادرة.

In normal pause, short final case vowels are often not pronounced, so learners commonly hear it without the endings.