الموعد النهائي غدا.

Because Arabic normally does not use a present-tense copula in sentences like this.

So:

• الموعد النهائي غدا
• literally: the deadline tomorrow
• natural English: The deadline is tomorrow

This is a very common Arabic pattern. In the present tense, is/am/are is usually left out.

If you wanted a past or future meaning, then Arabic would use a verb, for example:

• كان الموعد النهائي أمس = The deadline was yesterday
• سيكون الموعد النهائي غدا = The deadline will be tomorrow

It is a noun + adjective phrase:

• الموعد = the موعد / date / appointment / deadline-context noun
• النهائي = final

So الموعد النهائي literally means the final date/appointment, which is commonly used to mean the deadline.

A key rule in Arabic: adjectives come after the noun they describe.

So:

• الموعد النهائي = the final deadline/date
• not النهائي الموعد

Because the adjective must match the noun in definiteness.

Here:

• الموعد is definite: the موعد
• so the adjective must also be definite: النهائي = the final

That is why you get:

• الموعد النهائي = the final date / the deadline

Compare:

• موعد نهائي = a final date
• الموعد النهائي = the final date / the deadline

This matching is very important in Arabic adjectives.

Here غدا means tomorrow, and it functions as a time expression.

In simple learner terms, you can think of it as an adverb of time.

So the sentence pattern is basically:

• الموعد النهائي = subject/topic
• غدا = time information, meaning tomorrow

Together: The deadline is tomorrow.

Yes—if full vowel marking is shown, it is usually written غدًا.

In everyday Arabic writing, short vowels and nunation are often left out, so you will commonly see:

• غدا

Even though the fully vocalized form is:

• غدًا

So both refer to the same word here. This is normal in Arabic texts.

It would usually be written:

• المَوْعِدُ النِّهَائِيُّ غَدًا

A simpler breakdown:

• الموعدُ = with -u ending
• النهائيُّ = adjective matching it
• غدًا = tomorrow

In normal writing, these endings are usually omitted, so you just see:

• الموعد النهائي غدا

Yes. It is a complete and natural Arabic sentence.

Arabic often makes full sentences without an explicit word for is. As long as the meaning is clear, the sentence is complete.

So الموعد النهائي غدا is a perfectly normal nominal sentence meaning:

• The deadline is tomorrow

Yes, you can, but the emphasis changes.

• الموعد النهائي غدا = neutral, straightforward: The deadline is tomorrow
• غدا الموعد النهائي = puts more focus on tomorrow, something like Tomorrow is the deadline

So both are possible, but the version you were given is a very natural default order.

It is pronounced roughly like:

• an-nihaa-’ii

A few notes:

• الـ before ن is pronounced as an-, not al-, because ن is a sun letter
• there is a glottal stop in the middle, shown by the hamza: nihaa-’ii

So the whole sentence is approximately:

• al-mawʿid an-nihaa-’ii ghadan

A smoother learner-friendly pronunciation:

• al-MAW-id an-ni-haa-EE GHA-dan

No, but it is a very common and understandable way.

Another common expression is:

• آخر موعد = last date / deadline

So depending on context, you may hear both:

• الموعد النهائي غدا = The deadline is tomorrow
• آخر موعد غدا = The deadline / last date is tomorrow

The phrase in your sentence is clear, standard, and useful to know.