فاتورة الشراء في الطرد.

Because Arabic often uses nominal sentences in the present tense.

In فاتورة الشراء في الطرد, the meaning is literally:

• فاتورة الشراء = the purchase invoice / the receipt
• في الطرد = in the package

Arabic normally does not use a separate present-tense verb meaning is/are in sentences like this. So the sentence naturally means:

• The purchase invoice is in the package.

If you wanted the past or future, then Arabic would use a verb, such as كانت for was.

Yes. فاتورة الشراء is an iḍāfa (genitive/possessive construction).

It is made of:

• فاتورة = invoice, bill
• الشراء = the purchase / buying

Together, it means something like:

• the purchase invoice
• the invoice of the purchase
• sometimes simply the receipt, depending on context

In an iḍāfa:

1. The first noun does not take ال.
2. The second noun is in the genitive.
3. The whole phrase can be definite if the second noun is definite.

So even though فاتورة does not have ال, the whole phrase فاتورة الشراء is definite because الشراء is definite.

Because in an iḍāfa, the first noun normally does not take ال.

So Arabic says:

• فاتورة الشراء

not:

• الفاتورة الشراء

The definiteness comes from the second noun, الشراء. Since الشراء has ال, the whole phrase is understood as definite.

This is a very common pattern in Arabic, for example:

• باب البيت = the door of the house = the house door
• كتاب الطالب = the student’s book

So فاتورة الشراء follows the same rule.

في الطرد is a prepositional phrase, and here it functions as the predicate of the nominal sentence.

Breakdown:

• في = in
• الطرد = the package / parcel

So the sentence structure is:

• فاتورة الشراء = subject/topic
• في الطرد = predicate/comment

In other words, the sentence is built like:

• [The purchase invoice] [is in the package].

This is a very common Arabic sentence pattern: noun phrase + prepositional phrase.

In full case-marked form, it would be:

• فاتورةُ الشراءِ في الطردِ

Here is why:

• فاتورةُ: nominative, because it is the subject/topic of the nominal sentence
• الشراءِ: genitive, because it is the second term of the iḍāfa
• الطردِ: genitive, because it comes after the preposition في

In normal everyday writing, these short vowel endings are usually omitted, so you typically see:

• فاتورة الشراء في الطرد

without the final vowel marks.

It can function as a complete sentence.

A learner might first see فاتورة الشراء and think it is only a noun phrase, which is true by itself. But once you add في الطرد, it becomes a full nominal sentence:

• فاتورة الشراء = the purchase invoice
• في الطرد = in the package

Together: The purchase invoice is in the package.

So yes, this is a complete sentence in Arabic, even without an explicit verb.

Yes. Arabic is flexible, and the prepositional phrase can come first for emphasis or style.

For example:

• في الطرد فاتورة الشراء

This still means roughly:

• In the package is the purchase invoice
• or simply The purchase invoice is in the package

The original order, فاتورة الشراء في الطرد, is straightforward and neutral. Moving في الطرد to the front can put more focus on the location.

The final ة is tāʾ marbūṭa, a very common ending, especially on feminine nouns.

So:

• فاتورة is pronounced roughly fātūrah when said by itself or at the end of a pause.

But in connected grammar, the t sound can appear, especially before case endings or in an iḍāfa relationship. So grammatically, فاتورة الشراء is understood as fātūratu ash-shirāʾi in full pronunciation.

That is why learners sometimes hear both ideas:

• pause form: fātūrah
• connected grammatical form: fātūratu

Both refer to the same word.

Yes. The structure would stay the same if you replace the second noun with another noun.

For example:

• فاتورة الطلب = the order invoice
• فاتورة المشتريات = the purchases invoice / shopping receipt
• فاتورة الشركة = the company invoice

The pattern remains:

• first noun + second noun
• with the first noun lacking ال
• and the second noun determining whether the whole phrase is definite

So once you understand فاتورة الشراء, you can build many similar expressions.