انشر الهدوم على حبل الغسيل عشان تنشف.

A good approximate pronunciation is:

inshor el-hudūm ʿala habl el-ghasīl ʿashān tinshaf

A looser English-style guide would be:

IN-shor el-ho-DOOM a-LA hab-l el-gha-SEEL a-SHAAN tin-SHAF

Small vowel differences are normal from speaker to speaker.

Yes. انشر is the imperative, so it means spread / hang up / put out.

In this sentence, it means something like hang up the clothes or spread the clothes out on the line.

It is addressed to one male.
If you were speaking to:

• one female: انشري
• more than one person: انشروا

Yes. الهدوم is a very common everyday Egyptian Arabic word for clothes.

It is much more conversational than the Standard Arabic word الملابس.
So in spoken Egyptian, الهدوم sounds very natural.

Because this is an iḍāfa construction, often called a construct phrase.

In حبل الغسيل:

• حبل = rope / line
• الغسيل = the washing / the laundry

Together, the phrase means the clothesline / the laundry line.

In an iḍāfa, the first word usually does not take ال. The definiteness comes from the second word. So:

• حبل غسيل = a clothesline
• حبل الغسيل = the clothesline

Here عشان means so that or in order to.

So:

• عشان تنشف = so that it dries / so they dry

In Egyptian Arabic, عشان can also mean because in other contexts, so the exact meaning depends on the sentence.

You may also hear علشان. That is very common too.

Because الهدوم is a non-human plural, and in Arabic, non-human plurals very often take feminine singular agreement.

So even though الهدوم means clothes and is plural in meaning, the verb after it is commonly singular feminine:

• الهدوم تنشف

This is a very important Arabic pattern.

It comes from نشف, which is about drying or becoming dry.

Here تنشف means dry in the sense of become dry, not dry something with a towel.

So:

• عشان تنشف = so that they become dry

They are related, but they are not doing the same job in the sentence.

• الهدوم = the clothes
• الغسيل in حبل الغسيل = laundry / washing

So حبل الغسيل is a set phrase meaning clothesline or laundry line.

The sentence is not awkwardly repeating clothes twice. It is saying:

• the clothes
• on the clothesline

Yes, this sounds clearly Egyptian colloquial because of words like الهدوم and عشان.

A more Standard Arabic version would be something like:

انشر الملابس على حبل الغسيل لكي تجفّ.

But in everyday Egyptian speech, انشر الهدوم على حبل الغسيل عشان تنشف sounds much more natural.

In this context, it naturally means hang up / spread out to dry.

So although the basic idea of نشر is spread out, with clothes and a clothesline it is very naturally understood as:

• hang up the clothes
• put the clothes out on the line

That is why this is a very normal household sentence in Egyptian Arabic.