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Now that you know how to say "my" (**mein**) and "your" (**dein**, **Ihr**), let's learn how to talk about everyone else's things! This is especially useful when describing shared spaces like houses and apartments.

The new possessives follow the exact same ending rules you already know:
- No ending for masculine subjects (nominative) and neuter nouns.
- **-e** for feminine and plural nouns.
- **-en** for masculine direct objects (accusative).

### His: sein

To say "his" (or "its"), use the base word **sein**.

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Just like *meinen* and *deinen*, it takes the **-en** ending when a masculine noun (like *der Garten*) is the direct object:

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### Her and Their: ihr

In German, **ihr** is a multitasker: it means both "her" and "their". You will know which one is meant based on context.

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### Our: unser

To talk about something that belongs to "us", use **unser**. 

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### Your (plural): euer

When you are talking to a group of people informally (like "you all"), use **euer**. 

**Watch out for a spelling shift!** When you add an ending to *euer*, the middle **e** drops out to make the word smoother to pronounce:
- **euer** (masculine/neuter, no ending)
- **eure** (feminine/plural)
- **euren** (masculine accusative)

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Third-person and plural possessives (sein, ihr, unser, euer)

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (der, die, das)

Indefinite articles (ein, eine)

Regular verbs and statement word order (ich -e, er -t)

The second person (du -st, Sie -en)

Yes/No questions

The verb 'to have' (habe, hast, hat)

Plural pronouns and regular verbs (wir, ihr, sie)

Plural 'to be' and 'to have' (sind, haben)

Plural nouns and the plural article (die)

Sentence negation (nicht)

Noun negation (kein, keine)

Question words (wer, was, wo, wie)

Numbers 0 to 12 (null, eins, zwei)

The accusative case (den, die, das)

Indefinite accusative articles (einen, keinen)

Direct object pronouns (mich, dich, ihn)

There is / there are (es gibt)

Vowel changes: e to i/ie (er spricht, sie liest)

Vowel changes: a to ä (er fährt)

Weather and conditions (es regnet)

First- and second-person possessives in the nominative (mein, dein, Ihr)

First- and second-person possessives in the accusative (meinen, deinen, Ihren)

Possession with names (Annas Auto)

Demonstrative pronouns (dieser, diese, dieses)

Expressing preference (gern, lieber)

Asking about direction and origin (woher, wohin)

Expressing ability (können)

Polite requests (möchten)

Expressing intention (wollen)

Modal verbs of obligation and permission (müssen, dürfen)

Separable prefix verbs

Adverbs of frequency (immer, oft, manchmal, nie)

The Dative case and definite articles (dem, der, den)

Dative indefinite and negative articles (einem, einer, keinem)

Dative personal pronouns (mir, dir, ihm, ihr...)

Dative verbs (helfen, danken, gefallen, schmecken)

Dative prepositions (aus, bei, mit, nach...)

Accusative prepositions (für, ohne, gegen)

Two-way prepositions for location (in, an, auf...)

Informal singular imperative (mach, komm)

Plural and formal imperative (macht, machen Sie)

Coordinating conjunctions (und, oder, aber, denn)

Simple past of sein and haben (war, hatte)

The perfect tense: regular verbs (gemacht, gespielt)

Past tense: irregular verbs (ge-...-en)

The perfect tense: mixed verbs (gebracht, gekannt)

The perfect tense with sein (ist gegangen)

The perfect tense: separable verbs (eingekauft)

The perfect tense: inseparable and -ieren verbs (besucht, studiert)

Informal singular commands (mach, lern)

Numbers 13 to 20 (dreizehn to zwanzig)

Counting by tens to 100 (dreißig, vierzig)

Telling time (Uhr, halb, Viertel, vor, nach)

Numbers 21 to 99 (einundzwanzig, zweiunddreißig)

Greetings and farewells

Thank you, sorry and good wishes

Everyday replies

Numbers 100 to 1,000,000 (hundert, tausend...)

Becoming and getting (werden)

The impersonal pronoun (man)

Indefinite pronouns (jemand, niemand...)

Time sequence prepositions (vor, nach, bei)

Time span prepositions (von... bis, seit, für)

Adverbs of sequence (zuerst, dann, danach)

Two-way prepositions for direction (in, auf, an...)

Directional adverbs (hin, her)

Placement verbs (setzen, stellen, legen)

Months of the year (Januar, Februar)

The four seasons (Frühling, Sommer)

Time prepositions and indefinite pronouns (an, in, um)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 19th (am ersten)

Ordinals 20th and beyond (-ste, -sten)

Placement vs. location verbs (stellen vs. stehen)

Accusative reflexive pronouns (mich, dich, sich)

Accusative reflexive verbs (sich freuen)

Dative reflexive pronouns (mir, dir, sich)

Dative reflexive verbs (sich etwas merken)

Ordinal numbers 11th to 19th (-te)

Temporal prepositions (an, in, um)

Double objects with nouns

Double objects with pronouns

The modal verb for advice (sollen)

Simple past of modal verbs (musste, wollte...)

Simple past of common irregulars (wurde, wusste, es gab)

Adverbial connectors of consequence (deshalb, darum...)

Subordinate clauses for statements (dass)

Subordinate clauses for reasons (weil)

Question	Answer
his	sein
the apartment	die Wohnung
He is looking for his apartment.	Er sucht seine Wohnung.
the living room	das Wohnzimmer
His living room is large.	Sein Wohnzimmer ist groß.
the garden	der Garten
He sees his garden.	Er sieht seinen Garten.
her / their	ihr
Here is her apartment.	Hier ist ihre Wohnung.
the kitchen	die Küche
Their kitchen is new.	Ihre Küche ist neu.
the bathroom	das Bad
They love their bathroom.	Sie lieben ihr Bad.
Is her bathroom big?	Ist ihr Bad groß?
our	unser
We are buying our apartment.	Wir kaufen unsere Wohnung.
the bedroom	das Schlafzimmer
Our bedroom is small.	Unser Schlafzimmer ist klein.
the balcony	der Balkon
We do not need our balcony.	Wir brauchen unseren Balkon nicht.
your (plural)	euer
Is your (plural) bedroom here?	Ist euer Schlafzimmer hier?
Your (plural) kitchen is very beautiful.	Eure Küche ist sehr schön.
Are you (plural) planning your balcony?	Plant ihr euren Balkon?
Do the children love their garden?	Lieben die Kinder ihren Garten?
Our living room is here.	Unser Wohnzimmer ist hier.
His cat is eating the apple.	Seine Katze isst den Apfel.

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