The perfect tense: inseparable and -ieren verbs (besucht, studiert)

Verbs Ending in -ieren

Most German past participles start with the prefix ge-. However, verbs ending in -ieren skip it.

To form the past participle of an -ieren verb, simply take the verb stem and add -t. No ge- is needed!

  • studierenstudiert
  • diskutierendiskutiert
My brother studied in Germany.
Mein Bruder hat in Deutschland studiert.
Anna and Peter discussed the project.
Anna und Peter haben das Projekt diskutiert.

Use this exact same pattern for other -ieren verbs, like reservieren (to reserve), reparieren (to repair), and fotografieren (to photograph).

I reserved a seat yesterday.
Ich habe gestern einen Platz reserviert.
My father repaired the bicycle.
Mein Vater hat das Fahrrad repariert.

Another very common -ieren verb is probieren (to try or taste).

Did you try the cake?
Habt ihr den Kuchen probiert?

Inseparable Prefix Verbs

The second major exception is inseparable verbs. Because an inseparable prefix (like be-, ent-, or ver-) is permanently attached to the front of the word, there is no room for ge-.

For example, verkaufen (to sell) simply becomes verkauft.

When did you sell your laptop?
Wann hast du deinen Laptop verkauft?

Verbs starting with the prefix be- follow the same rule. Whether you are visiting someone (besuchen), paying a bill (bezahlen), or ordering a drink (bestellen), just skip the ge-.

We visited my grandpa.
Wir haben meinen Opa besucht.

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