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### Clock Time: "um"

When you want to specify an exact clock time, always use the preposition **um** (at).

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*(Note: **der Feierabend** is a favorite word in German work culture, meaning the end of the workday or quitting time!)*

### Days and Parts of the Day: "am"

For days of the week, parts of the day (like morning or evening), and specific dates, German uses **am** (on / in the). This is a contraction of the preposition *an* and the dative article *dem*.

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Because a single sentence often contains both a day and a time, you will frequently see **am** and **um** working side-by-side.

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### Months and Longer Periods: "im"

For longer blocks of time—such as months, seasons, or an academic semester—use the preposition **in**. Just like *am*, this merges with the dative article *dem* to form the contraction **im** (in the).

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### Scheduling Vocabulary

When organizing your calendar, you will often need to arrange (**vereinbaren**) or postpone (**verschieben**) plans. 

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Keep in mind that public holidays (**der Feiertag**) are treated exactly like normal days of the week, so they also take the preposition **am**.

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Temporal prepositions (an, in, um)

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (der, die, das)

Indefinite articles (ein, eine)

Regular verbs and statement word order (ich -e, er -t)

The second person (du -st, Sie -en)

Yes/No questions

The verb 'to have' (habe, hast, hat)

Plural pronouns and regular verbs (wir, ihr, sie)

Plural 'to be' and 'to have' (sind, haben)

Plural nouns and the plural article (die)

Sentence negation (nicht)

Noun negation (kein, keine)

Question words (wer, was, wo, wie)

Numbers 0 to 12 (null, eins, zwei)

The accusative case (den, die, das)

Indefinite accusative articles (einen, keinen)

Direct object pronouns (mich, dich, ihn)

There is / there are (es gibt)

Vowel changes: e to i/ie (er spricht, sie liest)

Vowel changes: a to ä (er fährt)

Weather and conditions (es regnet)

First- and second-person possessives in the nominative (mein, dein, Ihr)

First- and second-person possessives in the accusative (meinen, deinen, Ihren)

Third-person and plural possessives (sein, ihr, unser, euer)

Possession with names (Annas Auto)

Demonstrative pronouns (dieser, diese, dieses)

Expressing preference (gern, lieber)

Asking about direction and origin (woher, wohin)

Expressing ability (können)

Polite requests (möchten)

Expressing intention (wollen)

Modal verbs of obligation and permission (müssen, dürfen)

Separable prefix verbs

Adverbs of frequency (immer, oft, manchmal, nie)

The Dative case and definite articles (dem, der, den)

Dative indefinite and negative articles (einem, einer, keinem)

Dative personal pronouns (mir, dir, ihm, ihr...)

Dative verbs (helfen, danken, gefallen, schmecken)

Dative prepositions (aus, bei, mit, nach...)

Accusative prepositions (für, ohne, gegen)

Two-way prepositions for location (in, an, auf...)

Informal singular imperative (mach, komm)

Plural and formal imperative (macht, machen Sie)

Coordinating conjunctions (und, oder, aber, denn)

Simple past of sein and haben (war, hatte)

The perfect tense: regular verbs (gemacht, gespielt)

Past tense: irregular verbs (ge-...-en)

The perfect tense: mixed verbs (gebracht, gekannt)

The perfect tense with sein (ist gegangen)

The perfect tense: separable verbs (eingekauft)

The perfect tense: inseparable and -ieren verbs (besucht, studiert)

Informal singular commands (mach, lern)

Numbers 13 to 20 (dreizehn to zwanzig)

Counting by tens to 100 (dreißig, vierzig)

Telling time (Uhr, halb, Viertel, vor, nach)

Numbers 21 to 99 (einundzwanzig, zweiunddreißig)

Greetings and farewells

Thank you, sorry and good wishes

Everyday replies

Numbers 100 to 1,000,000 (hundert, tausend...)

Becoming and getting (werden)

The impersonal pronoun (man)

Indefinite pronouns (jemand, niemand...)

Time sequence prepositions (vor, nach, bei)

Time span prepositions (von... bis, seit, für)

Adverbs of sequence (zuerst, dann, danach)

Two-way prepositions for direction (in, auf, an...)

Directional adverbs (hin, her)

Placement verbs (setzen, stellen, legen)

Months of the year (Januar, Februar)

The four seasons (Frühling, Sommer)

Time prepositions and indefinite pronouns (an, in, um)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 19th (am ersten)

Ordinals 20th and beyond (-ste, -sten)

Placement vs. location verbs (stellen vs. stehen)

Accusative reflexive pronouns (mich, dich, sich)

Accusative reflexive verbs (sich freuen)

Dative reflexive pronouns (mir, dir, sich)

Dative reflexive verbs (sich etwas merken)

Ordinal numbers 11th to 19th (-te)

Double objects with nouns

Double objects with pronouns

The modal verb for advice (sollen)

Simple past of modal verbs (musste, wollte...)

Simple past of common irregulars (wurde, wusste, es gab)

Adverbial connectors of consequence (deshalb, darum...)

Subordinate clauses for statements (dass)

Subordinate clauses for reasons (weil)

Question	Answer
the conference	die Konferenz
The conference starts on Monday at nine o'clock.	Die Konferenz fängt am Montag um neun Uhr an.
the morning / the forenoon	der Vormittag
In the morning we have no time for the conference.	Am Vormittag haben wir keine Zeit für die Konferenz.
the wedding	die Hochzeit
When is the wedding? It is in August.	Wann ist die Hochzeit? Sie ist im August.
to postpone	verschieben
Unfortunately we have to postpone the wedding.	Leider müssen wir die Hochzeit verschieben.
to arrange / to agree on	vereinbaren
to arrange an appointment	einen Termin vereinbaren
We arrange an appointment in the morning.	Wir vereinbaren am Vormittag einen Termin.
the public holiday	der Feiertag
Can we arrange a meeting on the public holiday?	Können wir am Feiertag ein Treffen vereinbaren?
On the public holiday we do not have to work.	Am Feiertag müssen wir nicht arbeiten.
the calendar	der Kalender
I write the public holiday in the calendar.	Ich schreibe den Feiertag in den Kalender.
We are looking for the date in the calendar.	Wir suchen das Datum im Kalender.
the beginning	der Anfang
the semester	das Semester
The beginning of the semester is in September.	Der Anfang vom Semester ist im September.
Do we have to postpone the beginning of the game?	Müssen wir den Anfang vom Spiel verschieben?
During the semester we often have a lot of stress.	Im Semester haben wir oft viel Stress.
the end of work / the quitting time	der Feierabend
At six pm I finish work.	Um achtzehn Uhr habe ich Feierabend.
In the evening we drink a beer together.	Am Abend trinken wir zusammen ein Bier.
On Monday I finish work at five o'clock.	Am Montag habe ich um fünf Uhr Feierabend.
I would like to arrange an appointment.	Ich möchte einen Termin vereinbaren.

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