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### Connecting Ideas with "dass"

When you want to express a fact, belief, or thought, you often connect a main sentence to a secondary idea using the conjunction **dass** (that). Just like in English, it follows phrases like "I hope," "I believe," or "She says."

### Word Order: The Verb at the End

When you use **dass**, it creates a subordinate clause. The most important rule for subordinate clauses is that the conjugated verb must move to the **very end** of the sentence.

Additionally, German grammar strictly requires a comma right before **dass**.

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Notice in the sentence above how the verb **hast** sits at the absolute end, rather than in its usual second position.

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### Expressing Opinions and Facts

You will frequently use **dass** to share your thoughts, evaluate if a situation is a pity (**schade**) or bad (**schlimm**), or state if something is probable (**wahrscheinlich**) or possible (**möglich**). No matter what the main clause says, the rule stays the same: the verb in the **dass**-clause goes to the end.

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### Multiple Verbs in a Subordinate Clause

If your **dass**-clause is in the perfect tense, it will have two verbs: a past participle (like **abgeholt**) and a conjugated helping verb (like **hat**). The conjugated helping verb must still take the absolute final position, meaning it sits right after the past participle.

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Subordinate clauses for statements (dass)

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (der, die, das)

Indefinite articles (ein, eine)

Regular verbs and statement word order (ich -e, er -t)

The second person (du -st, Sie -en)

Yes/No questions

The verb 'to have' (habe, hast, hat)

Plural pronouns and regular verbs (wir, ihr, sie)

Plural 'to be' and 'to have' (sind, haben)

Plural nouns and the plural article (die)

Sentence negation (nicht)

Noun negation (kein, keine)

Question words (wer, was, wo, wie)

Numbers 0 to 12 (null, eins, zwei)

The accusative case (den, die, das)

Indefinite accusative articles (einen, keinen)

Direct object pronouns (mich, dich, ihn)

There is / there are (es gibt)

Vowel changes: e to i/ie (er spricht, sie liest)

Vowel changes: a to ä (er fährt)

Weather and conditions (es regnet)

First- and second-person possessives in the nominative (mein, dein, Ihr)

First- and second-person possessives in the accusative (meinen, deinen, Ihren)

Third-person and plural possessives (sein, ihr, unser, euer)

Possession with names (Annas Auto)

Demonstrative pronouns (dieser, diese, dieses)

Expressing preference (gern, lieber)

Asking about direction and origin (woher, wohin)

Expressing ability (können)

Polite requests (möchten)

Expressing intention (wollen)

Modal verbs of obligation and permission (müssen, dürfen)

Separable prefix verbs

Adverbs of frequency (immer, oft, manchmal, nie)

The Dative case and definite articles (dem, der, den)

Dative indefinite and negative articles (einem, einer, keinem)

Dative personal pronouns (mir, dir, ihm, ihr...)

Dative verbs (helfen, danken, gefallen, schmecken)

Dative prepositions (aus, bei, mit, nach...)

Accusative prepositions (für, ohne, gegen)

Two-way prepositions for location (in, an, auf...)

Informal singular imperative (mach, komm)

Plural and formal imperative (macht, machen Sie)

Coordinating conjunctions (und, oder, aber, denn)

Simple past of sein and haben (war, hatte)

The perfect tense: regular verbs (gemacht, gespielt)

Past tense: irregular verbs (ge-...-en)

The perfect tense: mixed verbs (gebracht, gekannt)

The perfect tense with sein (ist gegangen)

The perfect tense: separable verbs (eingekauft)

The perfect tense: inseparable and -ieren verbs (besucht, studiert)

Informal singular commands (mach, lern)

Numbers 13 to 20 (dreizehn to zwanzig)

Counting by tens to 100 (dreißig, vierzig)

Telling time (Uhr, halb, Viertel, vor, nach)

Numbers 21 to 99 (einundzwanzig, zweiunddreißig)

Greetings and farewells

Thank you, sorry and good wishes

Everyday replies

Numbers 100 to 1,000,000 (hundert, tausend...)

Becoming and getting (werden)

The impersonal pronoun (man)

Indefinite pronouns (jemand, niemand...)

Time sequence prepositions (vor, nach, bei)

Time span prepositions (von... bis, seit, für)

Adverbs of sequence (zuerst, dann, danach)

Two-way prepositions for direction (in, auf, an...)

Directional adverbs (hin, her)

Placement verbs (setzen, stellen, legen)

Months of the year (Januar, Februar)

The four seasons (Frühling, Sommer)

Time prepositions and indefinite pronouns (an, in, um)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 19th (am ersten)

Ordinals 20th and beyond (-ste, -sten)

Placement vs. location verbs (stellen vs. stehen)

Accusative reflexive pronouns (mich, dich, sich)

Accusative reflexive verbs (sich freuen)

Dative reflexive pronouns (mir, dir, sich)

Dative reflexive verbs (sich etwas merken)

Ordinal numbers 11th to 19th (-te)

Temporal prepositions (an, in, um)

Double objects with nouns

Double objects with pronouns

The modal verb for advice (sollen)

Simple past of modal verbs (musste, wollte...)

Simple past of common irregulars (wurde, wusste, es gab)

Adverbial connectors of consequence (deshalb, darum...)

Subordinate clauses for reasons (weil)

Question	Answer
to hope	hoffen
that	dass
I hope that you have time tomorrow.	Ich hoffe, dass du morgen Zeit hast.
I believe that my answer is correct.	Ich glaube, dass meine Antwort richtig ist.
probably	wahrscheinlich
true	wahr
It is probably true that she has no time.	Es ist wahrscheinlich wahr, dass sie keine Zeit hat.
a pity / too bad	schade
It is a pity that our friend is not coming along.	Es ist schade, dass unser Freund nicht mitkommt.
bad / awful (severe)	schlimm
I find it bad that the dog is sick.	Ich finde es schlimm, dass der Hund krank ist.
Is it true that the accident was very bad?	Ist es wahr, dass der Unfall sehr schlimm war?
the opinion	die Meinung
His opinion is that we need more money.	Seine Meinung ist, dass wir mehr Geld brauchen.
the feeling	das Gefühl
I have the feeling that your opinion is important.	Ich habe das Gefühl, dass deine Meinung wichtig ist.
She says that it will probably rain today.	Sie sagt, dass es heute wahrscheinlich regnet.
possible	möglich
Is it possible that her brother is sleeping?	Ist es möglich, dass ihr Bruder schläft?
to mean / to signify	bedeuten
Does it mean that a solution is possible?	Bedeutet es, dass eine Lösung möglich ist?
Do you know that he picked up the child?	Weißt du, dass er das Kind abgeholt hat?
I hope that it means something.	Ich hoffe, dass es etwas bedeutet.
It is a pity that you have this feeling.	Es ist schade, dass du dieses Gefühl hast.
the god, God	der Gott
Many people believe in God.	Viele Menschen glauben an Gott.
She believes in God.	Sie glaubt an Gott.
the belief, the faith	der Glaube
Faith is important to him.	Der Glaube ist ihm wichtig.
I do not understand his faith.	Ich verstehe seinen Glauben nicht.
to realise, to sense	merken
I notice that you are tired.	Ich merke, dass du müde bist.
He notices nothing.	Er merkt nichts.
to be mistaken	sich irren
I believe that you are mistaken.	Ich glaube, dass du dich irrst.
Anyone can be mistaken once.	Jeder kann sich einmal irren.

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