Prepositional pronouns for things (da-)

Referring to things with prepositions: da- compounds

In English, when you refer back to an inanimate object or idea after a preposition, you use phrases like "with it" or "for it." In German, you cannot use regular pronouns for objects in this way. Instead, you combine da- with the preposition.

If the preposition begins with a consonant, simply attach it directly to da-:

  • da
    • mit = damit (with it)
  • da
    • für = dafür (for it)
Yes, you can repair the window with it.
Ja, du kannst das Fenster damit reparieren.
I am building a table. I need a hammer and a nail for it.
Ich baue einen Tisch. Ich brauche einen Hammer und einen Nagel dafür.
We are painting the house and need paint for it.
Wir streichen das Haus und brauchen Farbe dafür.

Adding an -r- for vowels

Just like with the wo- question words, if the preposition begins with a vowel, you must insert an -r- between them to make the word easier to pronounce:

  • da
    • r
      • über = darüber (about it / over it)
  • da
    • r
      • auf = darauf (on it)
The project is important. We often speak about it.
Das Projekt ist wichtig. Wir sprechen oft darüber.
Do not be annoyed about it, because the tool is new!
Ärgere dich nicht darüber, weil das Werkzeug neu ist!

These compounds are incredibly common when giving instructions, referring to tools you are using, or telling someone where to put something:

Lay the wood on the table and put the hammer on it!
Leg das Holz auf den Tisch und leg den Hammer darauf!
The chair is broken. Do not sit on it!
Der Stuhl ist kaputt. Setz dich nicht darauf!

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