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### Nouns and Fixed Prepositions

Just as certain verbs require specific prepositions to connect to an object, many nouns do, too. When you use one of these nouns, you must learn its matching preposition. 

Crucially, the preposition will always dictate the case of the noun or pronoun that follows it. For example, *die Begeisterung* (enthusiasm) pairs with the preposition *für*, which always requires the accusative case.

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### Asking Questions: "Wo-" Words

To ask a question like "For what?", you do not say *für was*. Instead, when asking about a thing or an abstract concept, you combine *wo* + the preposition.

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### Pronouns for Things: "Da-" Words

Similarly, to say "in it" or "for it" (when referring to a concept or thing, not a person), you use *da* + the preposition. If the preposition begins with a vowel, like *an*, you must insert an "r" to make it easier to say (*daran*).

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### Questions About People

Remember that *wo-* and *da-* words are strictly for inanimate objects and concepts! If you want to ask about a person, you use the preposition followed by *wen* (for the accusative case) or *wem* (for the dative case).

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### Common Preposition Pairings

Here is a quick reference for the other nouns in this lesson and the prepositions and cases they require. Notice how *über* also requires an inserted "r" when forming a *wo-* word (*worüber*), because it starts with a vowel.

- **um (+ Accusative):** *der Hype*, *der Kult*
- **nach (+ Dative):** *die Sehnsucht*
- **über (+ Accusative):** *die Enttäuschung*
- **von (+ Dative):** *die Abhängigkeit*

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Nouns with fixed prepositions

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (der, die, das)

Indefinite articles (ein, eine)

Regular verbs and statement word order (ich -e, er -t)

The second person (du -st, Sie -en)

Yes/No questions

The verb 'to have' (habe, hast, hat)

Plural pronouns and regular verbs (wir, ihr, sie)

Plural 'to be' and 'to have' (sind, haben)

Plural nouns and the plural article (die)

Sentence negation (nicht)

Noun negation (kein, keine)

Question words (wer, was, wo, wie)

Numbers 0 to 12 (null, eins, zwei)

The accusative case (den, die, das)

Indefinite accusative articles (einen, keinen)

Direct object pronouns (mich, dich, ihn)

There is / there are (es gibt)

Vowel changes: e to i/ie (er spricht, sie liest)

Vowel changes: a to ä (er fährt)

Weather and conditions (es regnet)

First- and second-person possessives in the nominative (mein, dein, Ihr)

First- and second-person possessives in the accusative (meinen, deinen, Ihren)

Third-person and plural possessives (sein, ihr, unser, euer)

Possession with names (Annas Auto)

Demonstrative pronouns (dieser, diese, dieses)

Expressing preference (gern, lieber)

Asking about direction and origin (woher, wohin)

Expressing ability (können)

Polite requests (möchten)

Expressing intention (wollen)

Modal verbs of obligation and permission (müssen, dürfen)

Separable prefix verbs

Adverbs of frequency (immer, oft, manchmal, nie)

The Dative case and definite articles (dem, der, den)

Dative indefinite and negative articles (einem, einer, keinem)

Dative personal pronouns (mir, dir, ihm, ihr...)

Dative verbs (helfen, danken, gefallen, schmecken)

Dative prepositions (aus, bei, mit, nach...)

Accusative prepositions (für, ohne, gegen)

Two-way prepositions for location (in, an, auf...)

Informal singular imperative (mach, komm)

Plural and formal imperative (macht, machen Sie)

Coordinating conjunctions (und, oder, aber, denn)

Simple past of sein and haben (war, hatte)

The perfect tense: regular verbs (gemacht, gespielt)

Past tense: irregular verbs (ge-...-en)

The perfect tense: mixed verbs (gebracht, gekannt)

The perfect tense with sein (ist gegangen)

The perfect tense: separable verbs (eingekauft)

The perfect tense: inseparable and -ieren verbs (besucht, studiert)

Informal singular commands (mach, lern)

Numbers 13 to 20 (dreizehn to zwanzig)

Counting by tens to 100 (dreißig, vierzig)

Telling time (Uhr, halb, Viertel, vor, nach)

Numbers 21 to 99 (einundzwanzig, zweiunddreißig)

Greetings and farewells

Thank you, sorry and good wishes

Everyday replies

Numbers 100 to 1,000,000 (hundert, tausend...)

Becoming and getting (werden)

The impersonal pronoun (man)

Indefinite pronouns (jemand, niemand...)

Time sequence prepositions (vor, nach, bei)

Time span prepositions (von... bis, seit, für)

Adverbs of sequence (zuerst, dann, danach)

Two-way prepositions for direction (in, auf, an...)

Directional adverbs (hin, her)

Placement verbs (setzen, stellen, legen)

Months of the year (Januar, Februar)

The four seasons (Frühling, Sommer)

Time prepositions and indefinite pronouns (an, in, um)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 19th (am ersten)

Ordinals 20th and beyond (-ste, -sten)

Placement vs. location verbs (stellen vs. stehen)

Accusative reflexive pronouns (mich, dich, sich)

Accusative reflexive verbs (sich freuen)

Dative reflexive pronouns (mir, dir, sich)

Dative reflexive verbs (sich etwas merken)

Ordinal numbers 11th to 19th (-te)

Temporal prepositions (an, in, um)

Double objects with nouns

Double objects with pronouns

The modal verb for advice (sollen)

Simple past of modal verbs (musste, wollte...)

Simple past of common irregulars (wurde, wusste, es gab)

Adverbial connectors of consequence (deshalb, darum...)

Subordinate clauses for statements (dass)

Question	Answer
the enthusiasm	die Begeisterung
The enthusiasm for the band is huge.	Die Begeisterung für die Band ist riesig.
For what is the enthusiasm so great?	Wofür ist die Begeisterung so groß?
the interest (curiosity, attention)	das Interesse
We have no interest in the idol.	Wir haben kein Interesse an dem Idol.
They have no interest in it.	Sie haben kein Interesse daran.
the fascination	die Faszination
The fascination for the song never ends.	Die Faszination für das Lied endet nie.
I do not understand the fascination for it.	Ich verstehe die Faszination dafür nicht.
the admiration	die Bewunderung
The admiration for the actress is obvious.	Die Bewunderung für die Schauspielerin ist offensichtlich.
For whom does the fan show this admiration?	Für wen zeigt der Fan diese Bewunderung?
the understanding	das Verständnis
the hype	der Hype
The father has no understanding for the hype.	Der Vater hat kein Verständnis für den Hype.
Nobody has understanding for that.	Niemand hat dafür Verständnis.
The hype around the concert is crazy.	Der Hype um das Konzert ist verrückt.
I do not like the hype around this singer.	Ich mag den Hype um diesen Sänger nicht.
the cult	der Kult
The cult around the band is dangerous.	Der Kult um die Band ist gefährlich.
A cult around this star starts today.	Ein Kult um diesen Star beginnt heute.
the longing	die Sehnsucht
The longing for the performance is strong.	Die Sehnsucht nach dem Auftritt ist stark.
I know the longing for the idol very well.	Ich kenne die Sehnsucht nach dem Idol sehr gut.
the disappointment	die Enttäuschung
The disappointment over the album is huge.	Die Enttäuschung über das Album ist riesig.
Over what is the disappointment so great?	Worüber ist die Enttäuschung so groß?
the dependence	die Abhängigkeit
The dependence on the smartphone is bad.	Die Abhängigkeit von dem Smartphone ist schlimm.
We must reduce the dependence on it.	Wir müssen die Abhängigkeit davon reduzieren.