Adjective suffixes (-ig, -lich, -isch)

When you want to describe the complex flavor profile of an experimental craft beer, you need a good variety of adjectives. In German, you can easily build new descriptive words by attaching specific suffixes to nouns and other adjectives.

The Suffix -ig

Adding -ig to a noun is the most common way to create an adjective. It usually means "having the quality of" or "containing" the noun, very similar to adding "-y" in English.

For example, das Malz (malt) becomes malzig (malty), and die Frucht (fruit) becomes fruchtig (fruity). Occasionally, the root vowel will gain an umlaut, like das Wasser (water) becoming wässrig (watery).

Neither is the beer malty, nor does it taste fruity.
Weder ist das Bier malzig, noch schmeckt es fruchtig.

The Suffix -isch

The suffix -isch corresponds closely to the English endings "-ic" or "-ical". It is frequently used to describe materials or to derive adjectives from foreign loanwords.

For instance, das Metall becomes metallisch (metallic), and der Alkohol becomes alkoholisch (alcoholic).

The first beer tastes very hoppy and a little bit metallic.
Das erste Bier schmeckt sehr hopfig und ein bisschen metallisch.

The Suffix -lich

While -lich is often used to turn nouns into adjectives, you will also see it attached to an existing adjective to soften its intensity, much like "-ish" in English.

If a beverage is süß (sweet), adding this suffix makes it süßlich (sweetish—just a little bit sweet).

The ripe fruit makes the taste very fruity and a little sweetish.
Die reife Frucht macht den Geschmack sehr fruchtig und ein bisschen süßlich.
This beer has a lot of alcohol, but it tastes sweetish and not alcoholic.
Dieses Bier hat viel Alkohol, aber es schmeckt süßlich und nicht alkoholisch.

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