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### The Accusative Case for Masculine Adjectives

In the previous lesson, you learned that adjectives take an **-e** ending after singular definite articles (**der**, **die**, **das**) in the nominative case—that is, when the noun is the subject of the sentence.

When a noun becomes the direct object of a sentence, it takes the accusative case. For feminine, neuter, and plural nouns, the definite articles and adjective endings stay exactly the same as in the nominative.

However, masculine nouns undergo a change. The masculine definite article **der** changes to **den**. Whenever an adjective sits between **den** and a masculine noun, the adjective takes the ending **-en**.

| Case | Article | Adjective Ending | Example |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Nominative | der | -e | der weiche Stoff |
| Accusative | den | -en | den weichen Stoff |

Let's see this in action. The following examples use common materials and clothing items, which are masculine nouns in German. Notice how the adjectives all take the **-en** ending after **den**.

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### Describing Fits and Styles

This same **-en** ending applies when describing patterns, fits, or weights of masculine clothing items—like *der Anzug* (the suit), *der Gürtel* (the belt), or *der Hut* (the hat)—whenever they are the direct object.

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Accusative adjectives after definite articles (-en)

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (der, die, das)

Indefinite articles (ein, eine)

Regular verbs and statement word order (ich -e, er -t)

The second person (du -st, Sie -en)

Yes/No questions

The verb 'to have' (habe, hast, hat)

Plural pronouns and regular verbs (wir, ihr, sie)

Plural 'to be' and 'to have' (sind, haben)

Plural nouns and the plural article (die)

Sentence negation (nicht)

Noun negation (kein, keine)

Question words (wer, was, wo, wie)

Numbers 0 to 12 (null, eins, zwei)

The accusative case (den, die, das)

Indefinite accusative articles (einen, keinen)

Direct object pronouns (mich, dich, ihn)

There is / there are (es gibt)

Vowel changes: e to i/ie (er spricht, sie liest)

Vowel changes: a to ä (er fährt)

Weather and conditions (es regnet)

First- and second-person possessives in the nominative (mein, dein, Ihr)

First- and second-person possessives in the accusative (meinen, deinen, Ihren)

Third-person and plural possessives (sein, ihr, unser, euer)

Possession with names (Annas Auto)

Demonstrative pronouns (dieser, diese, dieses)

Expressing preference (gern, lieber)

Asking about direction and origin (woher, wohin)

Expressing ability (können)

Polite requests (möchten)

Expressing intention (wollen)

Modal verbs of obligation and permission (müssen, dürfen)

Separable prefix verbs

Adverbs of frequency (immer, oft, manchmal, nie)

The Dative case and definite articles (dem, der, den)

Dative indefinite and negative articles (einem, einer, keinem)

Dative personal pronouns (mir, dir, ihm, ihr...)

Dative verbs (helfen, danken, gefallen, schmecken)

Dative prepositions (aus, bei, mit, nach...)

Accusative prepositions (für, ohne, gegen)

Two-way prepositions for location (in, an, auf...)

Informal singular imperative (mach, komm)

Plural and formal imperative (macht, machen Sie)

Coordinating conjunctions (und, oder, aber, denn)

Simple past of sein and haben (war, hatte)

The perfect tense: regular verbs (gemacht, gespielt)

Past tense: irregular verbs (ge-...-en)

The perfect tense: mixed verbs (gebracht, gekannt)

The perfect tense with sein (ist gegangen)

The perfect tense: separable verbs (eingekauft)

The perfect tense: inseparable and -ieren verbs (besucht, studiert)

Informal singular commands (mach, lern)

Numbers 13 to 20 (dreizehn to zwanzig)

Counting by tens to 100 (dreißig, vierzig)

Telling time (Uhr, halb, Viertel, vor, nach)

Numbers 21 to 99 (einundzwanzig, zweiunddreißig)

Greetings and farewells

Thank you, sorry and good wishes

Everyday replies

Numbers 100 to 1,000,000 (hundert, tausend...)

Becoming and getting (werden)

The impersonal pronoun (man)

Indefinite pronouns (jemand, niemand...)

Time sequence prepositions (vor, nach, bei)

Time span prepositions (von... bis, seit, für)

Adverbs of sequence (zuerst, dann, danach)

Two-way prepositions for direction (in, auf, an...)

Directional adverbs (hin, her)

Placement verbs (setzen, stellen, legen)

Months of the year (Januar, Februar)

The four seasons (Frühling, Sommer)

Time prepositions and indefinite pronouns (an, in, um)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 19th (am ersten)

Ordinals 20th and beyond (-ste, -sten)

Placement vs. location verbs (stellen vs. stehen)

Accusative reflexive pronouns (mich, dich, sich)

Accusative reflexive verbs (sich freuen)

Dative reflexive pronouns (mir, dir, sich)

Dative reflexive verbs (sich etwas merken)

Ordinal numbers 11th to 19th (-te)

Temporal prepositions (an, in, um)

Double objects with nouns

Double objects with pronouns

The modal verb for advice (sollen)

Simple past of modal verbs (musste, wollte...)

Simple past of common irregulars (wurde, wusste, es gab)

Adverbial connectors of consequence (deshalb, darum...)

Subordinate clauses for statements (dass)

Question	Answer
soft	weich
the fabric / the material	der Stoff
I need the soft fabric.	Ich brauche den weichen Stoff.
thick / fat	dick
We have to wash the thick fabric.	Wir müssen den dicken Stoff waschen.
the scarf	der Schal
He wanted to buy the thick scarf.	Er wollte den dicken Schal kaufen.
I am putting on the soft scarf.	Ich ziehe den weichen Schal an.
thin	dünn
the suit	der Anzug
Do you see the thin suit?	Siehst du den dünnen Anzug?
colorful	bunt
She could not find the colorful suit.	Sie konnte den bunten Anzug nicht finden.
the belt	der Gürtel
Where are you buying the colorful belt?	Wo kaufst du den bunten Gürtel?
light / lightweight	leicht
He is bringing the lightweight fabric with him.	Er bringt den leichten Stoff mit.
the hat	der Hut
He is wearing the lightweight hat.	Er trägt den leichten Hut.
I think the colorful hat is beautiful.	Ich finde den bunten Hut schön.
We are going without the thick scarf.	Wir gehen ohne den dicken Schal.
I am buying the soft fabric for the sofa.	Ich kaufe den weichen Stoff für das Sofa.
I am buying the thin belt.	Ich kaufe den dünnen Gürtel.