The pronoun of quantity (en)

The pronoun of quantity (en)

The pronoun en replaces nouns related to quantity, translating to "of it," "of them," "some," or "any." Use en to avoid repeating a noun introduced by an indefinite article (un, une, des), a partitive article (du, de la), or a number.

Like other pronouns, en goes directly before the conjugated verb.

Does your family have a farm?
Est-ce que votre famille a une ferme ?
Yes, we have one in the country.
Oui, nous en avons une à la campagne.

Notice that while en replaces the noun, the number (une) remains at the end to specify how many.

Specifying the amount

When using a quantity expression (like beaucoup, meaning "a lot") or an exact number, en goes before the verb, but the quantity word stays at the end.

In his large field, the farmer produces wheat.
Dans son grand champ, le fermier produit du blé.
He produces a lot of it to sell at the market.
Il en produit beaucoup pour vendre au marché.
We have exactly eighty of them.
Nous en avons exactement quatre-vingts.

Using "en" with negation

In negative sentences, en stays attached to the verb. The negative ne and pas surround the pronoun and the verb together.

We do not have any cows and we do not want any.
Nous n'avons pas de vaches et nous n'en voulons pas.

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