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### Talking about Prices: 18 and 19

Let's review the late teens, *dix-huit* (18) and *dix-neuf* (19), which follow a simple addition rule (10 + 8 and 10 + 9), and introduce the currency of France: the euro (*un euro*).

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### Building the Tens: 20 to 69

The tens from 20 to 60 have their own words:

| Number | French |
|---|---|
| 20 | vingt |
| 30 | trente |
| 40 | quarante |
| 50 | cinquante |
| 60 | soixante |

To build numbers between these tens:
- **For numbers ending in 1** (21, 31, etc.): Add *et un* (and one). For example, 21 is *vingt et un*.
- **For numbers ending in 2 through 9**: Drop the *et* and use a hyphen. For example, 35 is *trente-cinq*.

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### The Seventies: 70 to 79

Standard French doesn't use a new word for 70. Instead, it continues adding onto 60. 70 is literally "sixty-ten" (*soixante-dix*). 

To build the numbers from 71 to 79, keep 60 as the base and add the teen numbers (11 to 19):
- 71 = 60 + 11 (*soixante et onze*)
- 72 = 60 + 12 (*soixante-douze*)
- 75 = 60 + 15 (*soixante-quinze*)

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### The Eighties: 80 to 89

For 80, French uses multiplication: *quatre-vingts* literally translates to "four twenties" (4 x 20). Notice that *vingts* takes an **-s** at the end. 

When you build 81 to 89, you drop the **-s**. Also, 81 is an exception to the "and one" rule—it uses a hyphen instead of *et* (*quatre-vingt-un*).

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### The Nineties: 90 to 99

The nineties combine the rules of the eighties and the seventies. 90 is "four twenties-ten" (*quatre-vingt-dix*). 

Just like with the 70s, you build 91 to 99 by adding the teen numbers (11 to 19) to your base of 80:
- 91 = 80 + 11 (*quatre-vingt-onze*)
- 99 = 80 + 19 (*quatre-vingt-dix-neuf*)

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### One Hundred

Finally, 100 is *cent*. 

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Numbers 21 to 100

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular 'to be' and indefinite articles (je suis un...)

Singular definite articles (le, la, l')

Identifying vs. describing (c'est vs. il est)

Feminine adjective agreement (+e)

Plural pronouns and 'to be' (nous sommes, vous êtes)

Formal and informal you (tu vs. vous)

Plural nouns and indefinite articles (des... -s)

Plural definite articles (les)

Plural adjective agreement (+s)

Stressed pronouns (moi, toi, lui)

The verb "to have" singular (j'ai, tu as, il a)

The verb "to have" plural (nous avons, vous avez, ils ont)

There is / there are (il y a)

Basic verbal negation (ne... pas)

Negating "there is" (il n'y a pas de)

Regular -er verbs singular (je parle, tu parles, il parle)

Regular -er verbs plural (nous parlons, vous parlez, ils parlent)

The verb "to be called" (s'appeler)

Yes/no questions with intonation (Tu parles ?)

Yes/no questions with "Est-ce que" (Est-ce que tu parles ?)

Informal questions (qui, que, quoi)

Standard questions (est-ce que)

Singular possessives (mon, ton, son)

Plural possessives (notre, votre, leur)

Demonstrative adjectives (ce, cet, cette, ces)

Adjective placement

Numbers 1 to 20

Age and physical states (avoir)

The verb to go (aller)

The preposition to/at (à, au, aux)

Question word for location (où)

Prepositions for cities and countries (à, en, au, aux)

The verb to come (venir)

The preposition from/of (de, du, des)

Question word for origin (d'où)

The verb to do/make (faire)

Days of the week (lundi, mardi)

Telling time (il est... heure)

Question words for time (quand, à quelle heure)

The verb to take or have (prendre)

The verb to drink (boire)

Partitive articles (du, de la, de l')

Zero quantity (pas de)

Expressions of quantity (un peu de, beaucoup de)

Asking how much or how many (combien, combien de)

Very vs. a lot (très, beaucoup)

The verb to want (vouloir)

Polite requests (je voudrais)

The verb to be able to (pouvoir)

Obligation (devoir)

General obligation (il faut)

Why and because (pourquoi, parce que)

Expressing purpose (pour)

Reflexive pronouns (me, te, se, nous, vous)

Daily routine verbs (se lever, s'habiller)

Adverbs of frequency (parfois, rarement)

Never (ne... jamais)

Regular -ir verbs (choisir, finir)

Regular -re verbs (attendre, répondre)

Irregular -ir verbs (sortir, partir, dormir)

Informal 'we' (on)

The imperative mood

Direct object pronouns (le, la, les, l')

The near future (aller + infinitive)

The recent past (venir de + infinitive)

The passé composé with avoir

Irregular past participles (eu, été, fait, pris, vu)

The passé composé with être

The negative passé composé (ne ... pas)

Saying goodbye

Please, sorry and thank you

Which / what (quel)

The indefinite adjective (tout, tous)

Irregular feminine adjectives (-euse, -ve)

Double consonant adjectives (-enne, -ette)

Feminine adjective endings (-ère, -trice)

Irregular plurals (-x)

Plurals ending in -al (-aux)

Present tense stem changes (e to è)

Accent stem changes (é to è)

Double consonant verbs (appeler, jeter)

Verbs ending in -yer (payer, envoyer)

Irregular communication verbs (dire, lire)

Irregular action verbs (écrire, mettre)

Knowing facts vs. familiarity (savoir, connaître)

Question	Answer
eighteen	dix-huit
the euro (m)	l'euro
I have 18 euros for lunch.	J'ai dix-huit euros pour le déjeuner.
nineteen	dix-neuf
She has 19 books and 18 notebooks.	Elle a dix-neuf livres et dix-huit cahiers.
The train ticket costs 19 euros.	Le billet de train coûte dix-neuf euros.
twenty	vingt
I have 21 colleagues in my team.	J'ai vingt et un collègues dans mon équipe.
There are 20 chairs in the office.	Il y a vingt chaises dans le bureau.
thirty	trente
The book costs 30 euros.	Le livre coûte trente euros.
There are 35 clients in the restaurant.	Il y a trente-cinq clients dans le restaurant.
forty	quarante
The suitcase costs 40 euros.	La valise coûte quarante euros.
They are buying 42 computers for the school.	Ils achètent quarante-deux ordinateurs pour l'école.
fifty	cinquante
My hotel costs 50 euros.	Mon hôtel coûte cinquante euros.
There are 54 hotels in the city.	Il y a cinquante-quatre hôtels dans la ville.
sixty	soixante
We are visiting 60 villages!	Nous visitons soixante villages !
I have 68 messages now!	J'ai soixante-huit messages maintenant !
seventy	soixante-dix
The room costs 70 euros.	La chambre coûte soixante-dix euros.
The company has 70 clients.	L'entreprise a soixante-dix clients.
The dinner costs 75 euros.	Le dîner coûte soixante-quinze euros.
eighty	quatre-vingts
Your bike costs 80 euros?	Ton vélo coûte quatre-vingts euros ?
There are 80 trees in the park.	Il y a quatre-vingts arbres dans le parc.
ninety	quatre-vingt-dix
There are 90 students in the school.	Il y a quatre-vingt-dix étudiants dans l'école.
This phone costs 99 euros!	Ce téléphone coûte quatre-vingt-dix-neuf euros !
a hundred	cent
100 euros for breakfast, it's expensive!	Cent euros pour le petit-déjeuner, c'est cher !
The old castle has 100 windows.	Le vieux château a cent fenêtres.
thousand	mille
This car costs a thousand euros.	Cette voiture coûte mille euros.
There are a thousand books in the school.	Il y a mille livres dans l'école.
zero	zéro
There are zero mistakes in my notebook.	Il y a zéro erreur dans mon cahier.
The price is zero euros.	Le prix est zéro euro.

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