Concession with tout (tout... que)

Expressing Concession with "tout... que"

To express a contradiction or concession—like saying "However innovative it is..." or "As promising as it is..."—French uses a special structure:

tout + adjective + que + indicative verb

By pairing the adverb tout with que, you create a strong contrast, perfect for evaluating things that look great on the surface but have hidden flaws. As an adverb, tout is generally invariable.

However innovative it is, our new prototype is often faulty.
Tout novateur qu'il est, notre nouveau prototype est souvent défaillant.
As promising as it is, the prototype is faulty.
Tout prometteur qu'il est, le prototype est défaillant.

Agreement Rules for "tout"

While adverbs don't usually change forms, tout has a phonetic exception. If the following adjective is feminine and begins with a consonant (or an aspirated h), tout must agree in gender and number, becoming toute or toutes.

However attractive it is, their sketch is not consistent.
Toute séduisante qu'elle est, leur esquisse n'est pas cohérente.
However innovative they are, our sketches have flaws.
Toutes novatrices qu'elles sont, nos esquisses ont des défauts.

However, if that feminine adjective begins with a vowel (or a mute h), the exception is canceled. It remains the invariable tout, as the final t can link smoothly with the vowel sound.

However impressive it is, this machine has a defect.
Tout impressionnante qu'elle est, cette machine a un défaut.