Breakdown of Kosteus on vaarallista kammiossa, jonne ryömijä yrittää päästä.
olla
to be
päästä
to get to, to reach
yrittää
to try
joka
who / which (relative pronoun)
Questions & Answers about Kosteus on vaarallista kammiossa, jonne ryömijä yrittää päästä.
Why is the relative pronoun jonne used here instead of minne?
In standard written Finnish, when a relative pronoun refers back to a specific physical location (like kammio, the chamber), you must use a local case of the pronoun joka. Forms of mikä (like minne or mihin) are reserved for abstract concepts, entire previous clauses, or superlatives. While you will often hear minne used for physical locations in spoken Finnish, standard grammar prescribes jonne (or johon).
Why does the sentence use jonne (to which) rather than jossa (in which), even though the English translation just says "where"?
The case of a relative pronoun is determined by the grammar of its own clause, not the main clause. The verb päästä (to get to / to reach) requires a destination case because it implies motion towards a goal. Therefore, you must use a "motion into" form like jonne rather than a static location form like jossa.
Why is the adjective vaarallista in the partitive case rather than the nominative vaarallinen?
The subject of the sentence, kosteus (moisture), is an uncountable mass noun. When you describe an uncountable noun with an adjective using the verb olla, that adjective must be in the partitive case. If the subject were a countable thing, like kammio on vaarallinen (the chamber is dangerous), the adjective would be in the nominative.
How is the noun ryömijä formed?