Word
Päärynä on hedelmä, jonka isoisä kasvatti.
Meaning
The pear is a fruit that grandfather grew.
Part of speech
sentence
Pronunciation
Course
Breakdown of Päärynä on hedelmä, jonka isoisä kasvatti.
olla
to be
hedelmä
fruit
kasvattaa
to grow (something)
päärynä
pear
Questions & Answers about Päärynä on hedelmä, jonka isoisä kasvatti.
This lesson is about the agent participle (-ma / -mä). How can I rewrite this sentence to actually use it?
You would turn the relative clause into a participle structure. The doer of the action (isoisä) goes into the genitive case (isoisän), and the verb kasvattaa (to grow) takes the -ma ending to become kasvattama. The new sentence is: Päärynä on isoisän kasvattama hedelmä. (The pear is a fruit grown by grandfather).
Why is the relative pronoun joka (that/which) in the genitive form jonka in this sentence?
Because it acts as the total object of the verb kasvatti (grew). When an action is completed and the sentence has a normal subject doing the action (isoisä), a singular total object takes the -n ending. So, the base form joka becomes jonka.
If we rewrite it as isoisän kasvattama hedelmä, why does isoisä also take the genitive -n ending?
In an agent participle structure, the person doing the action (the agent) must always be in the genitive case. Think of it like possession: it translates literally as "grandfather's grown fruit". This genitive subject is a mandatory rule for the -ma / -mä participle!
Which version is more common to use: the relative clause with jonka or the agent participle with -ma?