Breakdown of Luulen, että edistyt kuuntelemalla radiota aktiivisesti.
kuunnella
to listen to
että
that (conjunction)
luulla
to think, to suppose
radio
radio
edistyä
to progress
aktiivisesti
actively
Questions & Answers about Luulen, että edistyt kuuntelemalla radiota aktiivisesti.
How do we form the word kuuntelemalla from the basic verb?
The basic verb is kuunnella (to listen), which is a type 3 verb. To form the third infinitive, we take the strong vowel stem kuuntele-, add the third infinitive marker -ma-, and finally attach the adessive case ending -lla to get kuuntelemalla.
What is the exact function of the -malla ending in this sentence?
It expresses how or by what means an action is done, which usually translates to English as 'by doing' something. Here, kuuntelemalla means 'by listening', explaining the specific method you use to progress.
Why is the word for radio in the partitive case (radiota)?
The verb kuunnella (to listen) is a partitive verb, meaning its object must always be in the partitive case. Even when the verb takes the -malla form, it still requires its object to follow this rule.
Why use luulen here instead of ajattelen for 'I think'?
In Finnish, luulla means to think in the sense of having a belief, assuming, or guessing that something is true. Ajatella refers to the actual cognitive process of thinking or pondering in your head. Since the speaker is expressing a belief about your progress, luulen is the natural choice.
How is the adverb aktiivisesti formed?
The base adjective is aktiivinen (active). To make it an adverb meaning 'actively', we take the stem aktiivise- and add the standard Finnish adverb ending -sti.
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