Breakdown of Sairausloman jälkeen työntekijän on tuotava lääkärin todistus.
olla
to be
lääkäri
doctor
tuoda
to bring
jälkeen
after
työntekijä
the employee
sairausloma
the sick leave
todistus
the certificate
Questions & Answers about Sairausloman jälkeen työntekijän on tuotava lääkärin todistus.
How does the "must" structure work in this sentence without words like täytyy or pitää?
This sentence uses the [genitive subject] + on + [passive present participle] structure to express obligation. Here, työntekijän (the employee's) is the genitive subject, followed by on, and then tuotava (is to be brought), which is the participle form of tuoda (to bring). Together, it literally means "of the employee is to be brought", or more naturally, "the employee must bring".
How is the participle tuotava formed from the verb tuoda?
To form this participle for a type 2 verb like tuoda, you take the stem by removing the infinitive ending -da (leaving tuo-) and add the ending -tava. This creates tuotava.
Why is the object todistus in its basic nominative form instead of taking a genitive object ending like -n?
Normally, a complete action takes a total object ending in -n. However, there is a special rule for sentences expressing necessity or obligation (including this structure, as well as sentences using täytyy or pitää): their total objects always take the basic nominative form. That is why we see todistus. The word lääkärin is just a genitive modifier meaning "doctor's".
Why are both sairausloman and työntekijän in the genitive case?
They take the genitive ending -n for completely different reasons. Sairausloman is in the genitive because it is required by the postposition jälkeen (after). Työntekijän, on the other hand, is the subject of the necessity structure, which grammatically requires a genitive subject.
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