Questions & Answers about Minä olen väsynyt, joten menen nukkumaan.
What does joten mean here?
Joten means "so" or "therefore". Similar to how you use kun (when) to link an action to a specific time, joten is a conjunction that links an action to its cause. It introduces the result of the first clause: because you are tired, the result is that you go to sleep.
Why is the verb nukkumaan used instead of the basic dictionary form nukkua?
When you say you "go to do" an action in Finnish, you use the verb mennä (to go) followed by a special form of the second verb called the third infinitive. You build it by adding -maan or -mään to the verb's strong stem. So, menen nukkumaan translates literally to "I go into sleeping".
Why isn't there a minä (I) before menen in the second half of the sentence?
The ending -n on menen already makes it perfectly clear that "I" am the one going. In Finnish, it is very common to drop the pronouns minä (I) and sinä (you) because the verb ending does the work for you. It is used in the first half (Minä olen) for a bit of emphasis or flow, but dropping it there would also be perfectly correct.
How would I change this sentence to use kun (when) to say "When I am tired, I go to sleep"?