Breakdown of Metsä tuoksuu raikkaalta, mutta kaupunki kuulostaa äänekkäältä.
mutta
but
kaupunki
city
metsä
forest
kuulostaa
to sound
Questions & Answers about Metsä tuoksuu raikkaalta, mutta kaupunki kuulostaa äänekkäältä.
Why do the adjectives raikkaalta and äänekkäältä have the -lta/-ltä ending instead of just being basic words?
This is because of the verbs tuoksua (to smell) and kuulostaa (to sound). In Finnish, verbs of perception (how things look, sound, taste, smell, or feel) require the adjective that follows them to be in the ablative case, which means adding the -lta/-ltä ending.
I know that the ablative -lta/-ltä ending usually means 'from'. Does it mean 'from' here?
Not in this context! While pöydältä means 'from the table', when you use -lta/-ltä with perception verbs like tuoksua or kuulostaa, it does not translate to 'from' in English. It is simply a grammatical rule, called verb rection, that connects the verb to the adjective.
How do we get from the basic word raikas (fresh) to the form raikkaalta?
The word raikas belongs to a group of words ending in -as. When you add an ending to these words, the -as changes to a long -aa-. Also, this word has reverse consonant gradation, meaning the single k strengthens into a double kk. So, raikas becomes the stem raikkaa-, and then we add -lta.
The basic word for 'loud' is äänekäs. Why does it take the -ltä ending instead of -lta?