Kansalaisen täytyy maksaa vero.

Breakdown of Kansalaisen täytyy maksaa vero.

täytyä
to have to
vero
the tax
maksaa
to pay
kansalainen
the citizen

Questions & Answers about Kansalaisen täytyy maksaa vero.

Wait, where is the passive voice verb in this sentence?
There actually isn't one! This sentence is included in the passive lesson to show a very important connection: "must" sentences (using täytyy) and passive sentences share the exact same rule for their objects. In both types of sentences, a total object takes the basic nominative form rather than the -n ending.
Why is the object vero not written as veron?
In a normal active sentence, "the tax" would take the -n ending (like Minä maksan veron). However, because this sentence uses the "must" verb täytyy, the object drops the -n and stays in the basic nominative form (vero). As mentioned, this is the same rule you use for objects in the passive voice.
Why is the word for citizen (kansalainen) in the genitive form (kansalaisen)?
In Finnish, when you use a "necessive" verb like täytyy (must / has to), the person who has to do the action is not in the basic nominative case. Instead, they must be put into the genitive case. So, kansalainen becomes kansalaisen.
How do you form the genitive for words ending in -nen like kansalainen?
For words ending in -nen, you always replace the -nen with -se- before adding the genitive -n ending. Therefore, kansalainen (citizen) changes to kansalaise- and then adds the -n to become kansalaisen.

Learn Kansalaisen täytyy maksaa vero and more in Finnish

All course content and exercises are completely free — no paywalls, no trial periods, no signup needed.

  • Practice with interactive exercises
  • Track your progress with spaced repetition
  • Learn at your own pace — completely free