Questions & Answers about Juo vettä ja rauhoitu.
How is the command juo formed from the verb juoda?
Juoda is a Type 2 verb. To make the command form for one person, you simply drop the -da or -dä ending from the dictionary form. Dropping -da from juoda leaves us with juo.
The basic word for water is vesi. Why does it become vettä here?
Why does the command rauhoitu only have one t when its dictionary form rauhoittua has two?
Rauhoittua is a Type 1 verb. To find its command form, take the I-form (minä rauhoitun) and drop the -n at the end. Because the I-form ends in a consonant, it triggers consonant gradation, weakening the double tt into a single t. Dropping the -n leaves us with rauhoitu.
Are direct commands like juo and rauhoitu considered rude in Finnish?
Finnish commands are very direct but not automatically rude. While telling an upset person to calm down might be blunt in any language, using the imperative mood itself is the standard way to give instructions. You usually do not need to add extra words to make it polite.