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Finnish

### The Adessive of Price

In English, when we talk about buying, selling, or renting something, we usually use the preposition "for" to state the price (e.g., "for two euros"). In Finnish, this exact transaction amount is expressed using the Adessive case (**-lla / -llä**).

When stating a price, you will add the Adessive ending to both the number and the currency or unit. For example, **kaksi euroa** (two euros) becomes **kahdella eurolla**.

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### Slang and Tokens

This grammar rule isn't just for official currencies. It works just as well for arcade tokens (**poletti**) and everyday slang terms for money. 

Common spoken terms for cash amounts include **kymppi** (a tenner / ten euros) and **tonni** (a grand / a thousand euros). To say you bought something "for a tenner," you simply put **kymppi** into the Adessive: **kympillä**.

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You can also use this case to describe the cost of playing a single round of a game or renting a machine:

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### Feeding the Machine

When dealing with a vending machine (**myyntiautomaatti**) or an arcade game, you will often need to insert cash. In Finnish, you "feed" (**syöttää**) a banknote (**seteli**) into the machine. 

If you pay with a large banknote, you will usually want change (**vaihtoraha**).

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The Adessive of price (-lla, -llä)

adjective

adposition

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (tämä, tuo, se)

Singular personal pronouns (minä, sinä, hän)

Plural personal pronouns (me, te, he)

Plural demonstratives (nämä, nuo, ne)

Coordinating conjunctions (ja, mutta, tai)

Yes/no questions (-ko / -kö)

Basic question words (kuka, mikä, missä)

Negation of to be (en ole, ei ole)

The inessive case (-ssa / -ssä)

Double consonant gradation (kk, pp, tt)

Consonant gradation (-ssa/-ssä)

Verb Type 1 (puhun, puhut, puhuu)

Verb Type 1 with consonant gradation

Negative verbs (en puhu, et lue)

External location (-lla/-llä)

There is / there are (kaupungissa on)

Possession (minulla on)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yksi, kaksi, kolme)

The partitive singular (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Quantities with numbers (kaksi autoa)

Negative possession (ei ole)

Numbers 11 to 100 and 1000

Partitive verbs

Partitive personal pronouns (minua, sinua)

Verb Type 2 (-da/-dä)

Partitive for mass nouns (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Partitive for negative objects

Adjective agreement

Verb Type 3

The elative case (-sta/-stä)

Negative possession (minulla ei ole…)

The illative case (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Numbers 21 to 99

Static vs. movement verbs

Verb Type 4 (-Vta / -Vtä)

Verb Type 5 (-ita / -itä)

Genitive singular for possession (-n)

Total object (-n)

Accusative personal pronouns (-t)

Obligation (täytyy)

Into places (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Postpositions with the genitive

My and your (-ni, -si)

Onto and to someone (-lle)

From someone or somewhere (-lta, -ltä)

Telling time (kello on...)

Months of the year (-ssa, -ssä)

Days of the week (-na, -nä)

When and why (milloin, miksi)

The illative case (mihin, -Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Past tense of to be (olin, olit, oli)

The seasons (kevät, kesä, syksy, talvi)

The imperative mood (lue!, syö!, mene!)

The past tense of to be (olin, oli)

The illative case (-hVn, -seen)

Greetings and goodbyes (hei, näkemiin)

Thank you and sorry (kiitos, anteeksi)

Liking things (pitää / tykätä + -sta/-stä)

Temporary states and roles (-na/-nä)

Change of state (-ksi)

Ongoing actions (-massa/-mässä)

Going to do an action (-maan/-mään)

Returning from an action (-masta/-mästä)

Third-person possessives (-nsa/-nsä or -Vn)

Plural possessives (-mme, -nne)

Indefinite pronouns (joku, jokin, kaikki)

Negative indefinite pronouns (ei kukaan, ei mikään)

Commands for verb types 4 and 5

Adverb formation (-sti)

Past tense for verb type 1 (-i-)

Past tense vowel changes for verb type 1 (-o- / -i-)

Past tense for verb type 2 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 3 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 4 (-si-)

Past tense for verb type 5 (-itsi-)

Past tense consonant gradation

Past participles for verb types 1 and 2 (-nut / -nyt)

Past participle singular for verb types 3-5 (-nnut, -llut)

Active past participle plural (-neet)

Past tense negative (en mennyt, emme olleet)

The perfect tense (olen ollut)

The perfect tense negative (en ole nähnyt)

Total plural objects (-t)

Partitive plural (-ia / -iä)

Partitive plural (-ja / -jä)

Question	Answer
candy bar	patukka
vending machine	myyntiautomaatti
I bought that delicious candy bar from the vending machine for two euros.	Ostin tuon herkullisen patukan myyntiautomaatista kahdella eurolla.
arcade	pelihalli
pinball machine	flipperi
token (coin-like)	poletti
Standard processing applied	Pelihallissa on uusi flipperi, jota voi pelata yhdellä poletilla.
tenner	kymppi
Standard processing applied	Vuokrasimme vanhan flipperin kotiin yhdellä kympillä.
to feed (put food in mouth, pass)	syöttää
banknote	seteli
change	vaihtoraha
Standard processing applied	Syötin myyntiautomaattiin ison setelin, koska halusin vaihtorahaa.
grand	tonni
Standard processing applied	Ne myi koko pelihallin kahdella tonnilla!
Standard processing applied	Ostin kymmenen polettia kympillä.
Standard processing applied	Mies ei suostunut myymään harvinaista kolikkoa edes kymmenellä tonnilla.
Standard processing applied	Syötinkö vahingossa väärän setelin myyntiautomaattiin?
Standard processing applied	Hänellä on tapana ostaa kallis patukka viidellä eurolla.
Standard processing applied	Emmekö me saa uusia poletteja edes eurolla?
Standard processing applied	Syötätkö usein seteleitä pelihallin laitteisiin?
I bought that old game for a grand, but I didn't get any change.	Ostin tuon vanhan pelin tonnilla, mutta en saanut yhtään vaihtorahaa.
instalment payment	osamaksu
We bought the car in instalments.	Ostimme auton osamaksulla.
I pay for the sofa in instalments.	Maksan sohvan osamaksulla.
consumer credit	kulutusluotto
Consumer credit is often expensive.	Kulutusluotto on usein kallis.
He bought the television on consumer credit.	Hän osti television kulutusluotolla.

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