Object-Verb-Subject word order

Changing the focus with OVS word order

Finnish sentences typically follow a Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) word order, just like English. However, because Finnish uses word endings to show grammatical roles, you can freely rearrange the words to shift the emphasis of the sentence.

To put the spotlight on the object (the thing being acted upon), you can move it to the very front, creating an Object-Verb-Subject (OVS) word order. In English, we typically use the passive voice to achieve this effect (e.g., "The portrait was painted by a man").

In Finnish, an OVS sentence remains grammatically active. The object at the front of the sentence takes the accusative case (often looking identical to the genitive, ending in -n), and the verb is still conjugated to match the subject at the very end of the sentence.

That new work was created by a young woman.
Sen uuden teoksen loi nuori nainen.
That beautiful portrait was painted by a quiet man.
Tuon kauniin muotokuvan maalasi hiljainen mies.

Discussing creative works

The OVS word order is extremely common when talking about creative works like art, music, or literature. By placing the creation at the beginning of the sentence, you establish what was made as the main topic before revealing who created, performed, or published it.

This track is performed by a new band.
Tämän kappaleen esittää uusi bändi.
The first book was published by a small publishing house.
Ensimmäisen kirjan julkaisi pieni kustantamo.
That new symphony was composed by a young student.
Tuon uuden sinfonian sävelsi nuori opiskelija.

OVS in subordinate clauses

You are not limited to using OVS word order in simple, standalone sentences. You can also use this structure to emphasize the object inside subordinate clauses, such as after conjunctions like että (that) or jotta (so that).

I know that this work was written by a young author.
Tiedän, että tämän teoksen kirjoitti nuori kirjailija.
The new symphony is performed by a large choir, so that everyone can hear it.
Uuden sinfonian esittää suuri kuoro, jotta kaikki voivat kuulla sen.