Pointing Things Out in the Salon
When directing a stylist, you'll need to point out exactly where things are. You already know the basic demonstrative pronouns tämä (this), tuo (that), and se (it / that). Just like nouns, these pronouns decline in all the inner and outer local cases.
If a demonstrative pronoun is paired with a noun (like "this style"), both the pronoun and the noun must match in case.
Tämä (This)
When adding case endings to tämä, the stem changes to tä-.
| Case | Inner (in, from, to) | Outer (on/with, from, to) |
|---|
| Inessive / Adessive | tässä (in this) | tällä (on/with this) |
| Elative / Ablative | tästä (from this) | tältä (from on this) |
| Illative / Allative | tähän (into this) | tälle (onto this) |
Remember that some verbs, like pitää (to like), require the elative case (-sta/-stä), which applies to the pronoun here as well.
Tuo (That)
The pronoun tuo is easier: the stem stays exactly the same (tuo-) before adding the endings.
| Case | Inner (in, from, to) | Outer (on/with, from, to) |
|---|
| Inessive / Adessive | tuossa (in that) | tuolla (on/with that) |
| Elative / Ablative | tuosta (from that) | tuolta (from on that) |
| Illative / Allative | tuohon (into that) | tuolle (onto that) |
Notice that the illative form takes a mirrored vowel: tuo + -hVn becomes tuohon.
The outer adessive case (-lla/-llä) can mean "on that", but it is also used to indicate the tool or instrument you use to perform an action ("with that").
Se (It)
Use se to refer to something already mentioned or out of sight. The stem changes to sii- for most inner cases, and si- for outer cases.
| Case | Inner (in, from, to) | Outer (on/with, from, to) |
|---|
| Inessive / Adessive | siinä (in it) | sillä (on/with it) |
| Elative / Ablative | siitä (from it) | siltä (from on it) |
| Illative / Allative | siihen (into it) | sille (onto it) |
