Adjectives of resemblance (-mainen)

Adjectives of Resemblance (-mainen)

To describe something as being "like" or "characteristic of" a noun, attach the suffix -mainen or -mäinen. Vowel harmony applies as usual: use -mainen for words with back vowels (a, o, u), and -mäinen for words with only front or neutral vowels (ä, ö, y, e, i).

For example, sankari (hero) becomes sankarimainen (heroic), and kone (machine) becomes konemainen (robotic). This is especially useful in arts and theater reviews.

The character that the actor played was very heroic.
Hahmo, jota näyttelijä esitti, oli hyvin sankarimainen.
The character's deed was heroic, even though it was almost robotic.
Hahmon teko oli sankarimainen, vaikka se oli melkein konemainen.
The critic said that the performance was not professional, but rather theatrical.
Arvostelija sanoi, että suoritus ei ollut ammattimainen, vaan teatterimainen.

Declining -mainen Adjectives

Because these adjectives end in -nen, they follow the standard inflection rules for all Finnish -nen words:

  • The stem changes to -se- before most singular case endings (e.g., genitive/accusative runomainenrunomaisen).
  • The stem changes to -si- for the partitive plural (e.g., lapsimainenlapsimaisia).

Notice how the endings adapt when describing grammatical objects or plural groups:

The director created a beautiful, poetic, and cinematic world.
Ohjaaja loi kauniin, runomaisen ja elokuvamaisen maailman.
The characters that they played were childish but cinematic.
Hahmot, joita he esittivät, olivat lapsimaisia mutta elokuvamaisia.