Adjectives of interpersonal attitude (allative)

Directing Behavior: The Allative Case

When describing how someone behaves toward another person, Finnish adjectives often govern a specific case. For adjectives of interpersonal attitude—like being rude, helpful, or impatient—the person receiving the behavior takes the allative case (-lle).

While English uses a variety of prepositions depending on the word (rude to, impatient with, angry at), Finnish consistently uses the allative case to show who the attitude is directed toward.

The waiter was really rude to the customer today.
Tarjoilija oli tänään todella töykeä asiakkaalle.
Why are you always so impatient with me?
Miksi olet aina niin kärsimätön minulle?

Positive and Negative Attitudes

Whether you are praising excellent customer service or describing a strict boss, the sentence structure remains exactly the same. You can also easily pair multiple adjectives together before the target noun.

The doctor has always been helpful and compassionate to patients.
Lääkäri on aina ollut avulias ja myötätuntoinen potilaille.
The new manager is too strict with the subordinates.
Uusi johtaja on liian ankara alaisille.
The teacher is very gentle and understanding to the students.
Opettaja on hyvin lempeä ja ymmärtäväinen opiskelijoille.

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