Breakdown of کارمندی که مرخصی استعلاجیاش تمام شد، به دفتر برگشت.
کارمند
employee
بهbe
to
کهke
that (conjunction)
برگشتنbargashtan
to return
مرخصیmorakhkhasi
leave
تمام شدنtamâm shodan
to run out / to finish (intransitive)
دفترdaftar
office (workspace, room)
استعلاجیeste'lâji
sick (leave) / medical
Questions & Answers about کارمندی که مرخصی استعلاجیاش تمام شد، به دفتر برگشت.
How does the word este'lâji fit the 'seeking/extracting' pattern taught in this lesson?
It is based on the Arabic root for healing or treatment, elâj. By applying the este-C1-C2-â-C3 pattern, we get the noun este'lâj, which literally means 'seeking a cure' or 'seeking medical treatment'. The -i at the end turns it into an adjective. So, morakhasi-ye este'lâji translates literally to 'cure-seeking leave', which is the standard Farsi term for 'sick leave'.
The English translation says 'whose', but Farsi just uses ke. How does Farsi express 'whose' in this sentence?
Farsi does not have a direct equivalent for the relative pronoun 'whose'. Instead, it uses the general connector ke (that/who) and adds a possessive pronoun suffix to the owned noun later in the clause. Here, kârmandi ke morakhasi-ye este'lâji-ash literally means 'An employee that his/her sick leave...'. This is the standard way to build 'whose' clauses.
If the translation is 'The employee', why does kârmand have the indefinite suffix -i (kârmandi)?
This -i is not the simple indefinite article (a/an). It is the restrictive -i, which is attached to a noun right before a restrictive ke clause. It signals that the following clause will define exactly which employee we mean. So while it takes an -i, it translates to 'the' in English because the person is being specifically identified by the clause.
Why is the verb tamâm shod used instead of tamâm kard for 'finished'?
tamâm shodan (to become finished) is the intransitive form of the verb, used when something comes to an end on its own. If you used tamâm kard (to do/make finished), it would mean the leave finished something else. Since the leave itself is the subject that ended, we use the shodan auxiliary.
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