Learn Farsi: مدیر مغرور، مغضوب کارکنان شد. - The arrogant manager became out of favor with the staff.

The word مغضوب (maghzub) is built using the ma-C1-C2-u-C3 (Maf'ul) pattern. Its three root letters are gh-z-b (غ-ض-ب), which relate to anger. By placing these letters into the pattern, it forms a word meaning 'one who is the object of anger', which translates naturally as 'out of favor'.

The word مغرور means 'arrogant'. Is this also a passive participle?

Yes! It also follows the exact same Maf'ul pattern. Its root is gh-r-r (غ-ر-ر), which relates to deception. Literally, a مغرور person is 'one who has been deceived' (usually by their own ego). In modern Farsi, it simply translates as 'arrogant' or 'proud'.

Why do we use an Ezafe in مغضوب کارکنان if 'out of favor' acts like an adjective in English?

Although we translate it as 'out of favor with', مغضوب functions as a noun here, literally meaning 'the object of wrath'. The unseen Ezafe creates a possessive phrase: مغضوبِ کارکنان (maghzub-e karkonan), meaning 'the object of wrath OF the staff'.

Is مغضوب شد considered a compound verb here?

Yes, مغضوب شدن (maghzub shodan) is a compound verb meaning 'to fall out of favor'. Farsi frequently pairs Arabic passive participles with شدن (to become) or کردن (to do) to create new verbs, similar to how it uses native Persian past participles.