Question 1

What is the singular form of مراجعین, and why does it use the ـین suffix for the plural?

Accepted Answer

The singular is مراجع (client or visitor). The ـین suffix is a formal plural marker borrowed from Arabic. In formal Farsi, it is frequently applied to animate Arabic loanwords (words referring to people), though standard Persian suffixes like ـان or ها are also acceptable in modern usage.

Question 2

Why is the preposition از used twice in this sentence?

Accepted Answer

Both compound verbs in this sentence naturally pair with از. In Farsi, you request from someone (از کسی تقاضا کردن) and you refrain from something (از چیزی خودداری کردن). Thus, the manager requests from the clients (از مراجعین) to refrain from gathering (از تجمع کردن).

Question 3

Why is the verb خودداری کنند not written as خودداری بکنند if it is a subjunctive expressing a request?

Accepted Answer

After verbs expressing a request or command like تقاضا کردن, the dependent verb must be in the subjunctive mood. While the subjunctive usually takes a بـ prefix, it is very common in formal writing to drop this prefix in compound verbs, especially when the non-verbal part (خودداری) is relatively long. Both forms are grammatically correct here.

Question 4

Why do we use the full infinitive تجمع کردن after the preposition از?

Accepted Answer

In Farsi, the infinitive form ending in ـن often functions as a verbal noun, much like an English gerund (an -ing word). Here, تجمع کردن acts as the noun concept of gathering to serve as the object of the preposition از.

مدیر از مراجعین تقاضا کرد که از تجمع کردن خودداری کنند.

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