Learn Farsi: در حال ساختن فاز دوم نیروگاه هستیم. - We are currently building the second phase of the power plant.

In the formal progressive structure dar hâl-e, the action is expressed as a verbal noun or long infinitive (sâxtan). Because it acts as a noun here, its object (fâz-e dovvom...) connects to it using an Ezafe. The whole phrase literally translates to 'in the state of the building of the second phase'.

Where exactly do we pronounce the Ezafe connectors in this sentence?

There is a continuous Ezafe chain linking almost the entire sentence: dar hâl-e sâxtan-e fâz-e dovvom-e nirugâh. You need an Ezafe after hâl, sâxtan, fâz, and dovvom to chain the state, the action, the object, and its descriptors together before finally ending with the verb hastim.

If I were speaking casually, would I still use this dar hâl-e structure?

No, dar hâl-e is mostly used in news, formal writing, or professional speech. In everyday colloquial conversation, you would use the auxiliary verb dâštan instead: dârim fâz-e dovvom-e nirugâh ro misâzim.

How is the word nirugâh (power plant) formed?

It combines niru (power, energy, or force) with the location suffix -gâh (place of). You have likely seen this suffix in other common words like dânešgâh (university) and forudgâh (airport).