Questions & Answers about زمستان سردترین فصلِ سال است.
How do you form the word for "coldest" (سردترین) in Farsi?
You take the base adjective, which is سرد (sard) meaning "cold", and add the suffix ترین (-tarin). This suffix is used to make superlative adjectives (meaning the "most" or "-est" form). If you just wanted to say "colder", you would use the comparative suffix تر (-tar) to make سردتر (sard-tar).
Why does سردترین come before the noun فصل instead of after it?
In Farsi, normal adjectives usually come after the noun they describe, connected by an ezafe (like فصلِ سرد for "cold season"). However, superlative adjectives ending in ترین are an exception! They always come before the noun they modify, and you don't use an ezafe between the adjective and the noun. That is why it is سردترین فصل (coldest season) and not the other way around.
What is the purpose of the small line under فصل in فصلِ سال?
That is the ezafe vowel (pronounced "e"), which links two words together to show possession or a relationship. Here, it connects فصل (season) and سال (year) to mean "season of the year". In everyday handwriting and typing, this symbol is usually left out, but you must still pronounce it.
Why is است placed at the very end of the sentence?
Farsi sentence structure generally follows a Subject-Object-Verb order, meaning the main verb almost always goes at the very end of a sentence. Here, the subject is (winter) and the verb is (is), so the verb is placed at the end to wrap up the thought.