Causation and compulsion (vâdâshtan)

When discussing social pressures, moral obligations, or external forces, you often need to express that someone was compelled or forced to take action. Formal Farsi uses specific verbs to convey this causation, mapping the relationship between the force, the person affected, and the resulting action.

Compelling Action: واداشتن

The verb واداشتن means "to compel" or "to force." The standard structure for compelling someone to do something is: [Subject] + [Direct Object] + را + به + [Action] + واداشتن

Because the person (or group) being forced is the direct object of the sentence, they are immediately followed by the direct object marker را. The action they are forced into is introduced by the preposition به.

Forcing Action: مجبور ساختن

Another common formal construction uses the compound verb مجبور ساختن. You may already know مجبور کردن (to force or oblige) from everyday speech. In formal, academic, or journalistic registers, the everyday light verb کردن is frequently replaced with ساختن (literally "to make" or "to build") to elevate the tone.

The grammatical structure remains exactly the same: [Subject] + [Direct Object] + را + به + [Action] + مجبور ساختن

Nouns and Long Infinitives

What exactly follows the preposition به? The "action" that someone is forced into must act as a noun. Most often, this is a standard action-noun, such as "suppression" or "conformity."

If you need to express forcing someone to perform an action that doesn't map perfectly to a simple noun, you can use the "long infinitive." This is simply the full dictionary form of the verb ending in ن, which functions as a gerund (similar to the English "-ing" form or "to [verb]").