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Questions & Answers about Ingen dumpede i år.
I've usually seen ingen placed before a noun, like ingen biler (no cars). Can it just stand alone like this?
Yes! When ingen is used without a noun attached to it, it acts as a pronoun meaning "nobody" or "no one". Here, it is the subject of the sentence.
Does dumpede mean someone dumped trash or broke up with someone?
No, in Danish, at dumpe is the standard verb for failing a test, exam, or class. While it can mean dropping something heavily, you will almost always hear it used for failing grades. The opposite (to pass) is at bestå.
Why say i år instead of translating "this year" literally as dette år?
Danish uses the preposition i followed by the base noun for many current or upcoming time periods. Just like you say i dag (today) and i aften (tonight), "this year" is always i år. Using dette år sounds clunky and unnatural in regular conversation.
Why does the past tense of this verb end in -ede rather than just -te?
At dumpe belongs to Group 1 of Danish regular verbs. Because the verb stem (dump-) ends in two consonants, adding just -te would create a cluster that is hard to pronounce. Adding -ede makes it flow much more naturally.