Into and Out of
In the previous lesson, you learned directional adverbs like ind (in) and ud (out). To specify what you are moving into or out of, you can combine these adverbs with prepositions to create compound prepositions of motion.
For "into", combine ind with i to get ind i.
| The dog jumps into the car. | Hunden hopper ind i bilen. |
| My new cat runs into the cabinet. | Min nye kat løber ind i skabet. |
For "out of", combine ud with af to get ud af.
| Why are you looking out of the window? | Hvorfor kigger du ud af vinduet? |
| The thief climbs out of the box. | Tyven kravler ud af kassen. |
Up and Down
When describing movement up or down a specific path or surface—like a hill, a ladder, or a set of stairs—Danish pairs the directional adverbs op and ned with the preposition ad.
While it looks similar to af, the word ad specifically indicates movement along or via a route. Combine it with your directional adverbs to make op ad (up) and ned ad (down).
| The girl climbs up the ladder. | Pigen kravler op ad stigen. |
| We run down the hill. | Vi løber ned ad bakken. |
| The man falls down the stairs. | Manden falder ned ad trappen. |
Combining Motions
Once you are comfortable with these compound prepositions, you can link them together to describe dynamic, continuous movement through different spaces.
| The girl climbs up the wall and jumps into the garden. | Pigen kravler op ad muren og hopper ind i haven. |
