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Croatian

### The Future Tense of "To Be"

To make predictions about the future—like exploring space or living on other planets—you need the future tense of the verb **biti** (to be).

In Croatian, the future tense is formed by combining the short forms of the verb **htjeti** (will) with an infinitive. 

When the verb starts the sentence or clause, the infinitive drops its final **-i**. For the verb **biti**, the infinitive becomes **bit** and is followed by the short "will" word.

| Pronoun | Future Tense | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ja | bit ću | I will be |
| ti | bit ćeš | you will be |
| on / ona / ono | bit će | he / she / it will be |
| mi | bit ćemo | we will be |
| vi | bit ćete | you will be |
| oni / one / ona | bit će | they will be |

Because Croatian frequently drops subject pronouns (like "I" or "you"), starting sentences with these shortened **bit** forms is incredibly common.

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### Word Order and the Full Infinitive

Croatian has strict rules for small words called enclitics. The short "will" words (**ću**, **ćeš**, **će**, **ćemo**, **ćete**) are enclitics, which means they naturally want to sit in the second position of a sentence.

If you start your sentence with a subject (like a pronoun or a short noun), the enclitic takes the second position, pushing the infinitive later in the sentence. When the "will" word comes *before* the infinitive, the infinitive keeps its final **-i** and remains **biti**.

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However, if the subject is a longer phrase (like "these planets" or "these advanced machines"), it is very common to keep the verb phrase grouped together after the subject, using the shortened **bit će** form.

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### Applying the Rule to Other Verbs

The rule of dropping the final **-i** applies to nearly all verbs in the future tense, not just **biti**. For example, the verb **postojati** (to exist) drops its final **-i** to become **postojat će** when the infinitive comes right before the enclitic.

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Future tense of 'to be' (bit ću, bit ćeš...)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular pronouns and to be (sam, si, je)

Noun genders (-Ø, -a, -o/-e)

Demonstrative pronouns (ovaj, ova, ovo)

Plural pronouns and to be (smo, ste, su)

Masculine plural nouns (-i)

Feminine plural nouns (-e)

Neuter plural nouns (-a)

Full verb to be (jesam, jesi)

Negative verb to be (nisam, nisi)

Yes/no questions (je li)

Wh- questions (tko, gdje)

Formal vs informal address (ti vs Vi)

Regular present tense (-ati)

Regular present tense (-iti)

Regular present tense (-jeti)

Verb negation (ne)

The verb to have (imati / nemati)

Inanimate direct objects

Feminine direct objects (-u)

Plural direct objects (-e, -a)

Accusative pronouns (me, te, ga, ju)

Adjective agreement

Plural adjectives

Accusative adjectives

Numbers 1 to 10 (jedan, dva, tri)

The locative case (-u)

Feminine locative (-i)

The verb to go (ići)

Destination (u, na)

The genitive case (-a)

Accusative pronouns (nas, vas, ga, ih)

Animate masculine accusative (-a)

Adjective agreement for animate masculine (-og, -eg)

The verb can (moći)

The verb must (morati)

The verb to want (htjeti, hoću)

The future tense (ću/ćeš + infinitive)

The past tense: l-participle (radio, radila)

Past tense word order (Prvo sam radio...)

Past tense with plural subjects (-li, -le, -la)

Feminine genitive singular (-e)

Possession and origin (od, iz)

Negative existence (nema)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Genitive plural (-a)

Numbers 11 to 20

Past tense negation (nisam)

Past tense questions (jeste li)

Dative singular

Dative pronouns (ti, mu, joj)

Past tense negation (nisam, nisi...)

Double object pronouns (mu ga, ti ju...)

Reflexive verbs (se)

Reflexive clitic word order

Commands and requests (radi, radite)

Plural demonstratives (ovi, ove, ova)

Possessive determiners (moj, naš, njegov)

Greetings (Dobar dan, doviđenja)

The body: Boli me glava

Directions (lijevo, desno, ravno)

There is, there are (ima)

Politeness (molim vas, hvala lijepa)

How you feel (Sviđa mi se)

Counting by tens to 100 (trideset, četrdeset...)

Quantifiers with the genitive case (malo, puno...)

Adjective agreement in the genitive singular (-og, -e)

Adjective agreement in the genitive plural (-ih)

Genitive prepositions (kod, do, bez...)

Asking what kind and which (kakav, koji)

Possessive determiners (njegov, njezin...)

Possessives in the accusative case

The reflexive possessive (svoj)

Indefinite pronouns (netko, nešto, neki)

Negative pronouns (nitko, ništa)

The verb to need (trebati)

Reciprocal verbs (se)

Introduction to verbal aspect

Perfective verbs with prefixes

Perfective verbs with stem changes

Irregular perfective verbs

Aspect in the past tense

Aspect in the future tense

Vehicular motion (voziti se, putovati)

Arrival and departure ('doći', 'otići')

Entering and exiting ('ući', 'izaći')

Singular accompaniment ('s', 'sa')

Question	Answer
rocket	raketa
I will be in the new rocket.	Bit ću u novoj raketi.
planet	planet
These planets will be really interesting.	Ovi planeti bit će stvarno zanimljivi.
robot	robot
advanced	napredan
These robots will be advanced.	Ovi roboti bit će napredni.
space (adjective)	svemirski
You will be in a space rocket.	Bit ćeš u svemirskoj raketi.
base	baza
space	svemir
The base will be in space.	Baza će biti u svemiru.
Mars	Mars
Your base will be on Mars.	Tvoja baza bit će na Marsu.
machine	stroj
We will be on Mars with many machines.	Bit ćemo na Marsu s puno strojeva.
You will be in the space base.	Bit ćete u svemirskoj bazi.
to exist	postojati
The future will be different and new planets will exist.	Budućnost će biti drugačija i postojat će novi planeti.
These advanced machines will be with the robots.	Ovi napredni strojevi bit će s robotima.
I would like a robot, but I will be in space.	Htio bih robota, ali bit ću u svemiru.
Nothing will exist here, and we will be on Mars.	Ovdje ništa neće postojati, a mi ćemo biti na Marsu.