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Croatian

### Scoops and Containers

When ordering ice cream, you will ask for a scoop (*kuglica*).

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To specify what your ice cream is served *in*, use the preposition *u* (in) followed by the locative case. A little cup (*čašica*) becomes *u čašici*, and a cone (*kornet*) becomes *u kornetu*.

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### Choosing Flavors

To express the flavor of the ice cream, Croatian frequently uses the genitive case. You can append the flavor directly to the word for scoop (*kuglica vanilije* - scoop of vanilla). 

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You also use the genitive case after words indicating a lack or absence, such as *nema* (there is no). Notice how the endings change: *jagoda* (strawberry) becomes *jagode*, and *lješnjak* (hazelnut) becomes *lješnjaka*.

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### Melting in the Heat

On a hot day, your ice cream is bound to melt. The verb for "to melt" is the reflexive verb *topiti se*.

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To tell someone to do something quickly (like eating!), use the imperative form of the verb, such as *pojedi* (eat).

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If you take too long, the ice cream will become sticky (*ljepljiv*).

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### Toppings and Refreshments

Ice cream is the ultimate refreshment (*osvježenje*) in the summer heat, and a popular addition to any order is a topping (*preljev*).

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When describing an ice cream covered *in* a topping, once again use the preposition *u* with the locative case (*u slatkom preljevu*). You can also express a flavor by using the preposition *od* (of/from) followed by the genitive case (*sladoled od jagode*).

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Buying Ice Cream

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular pronouns and to be (sam, si, je)

Noun genders (-Ø, -a, -o/-e)

Demonstrative pronouns (ovaj, ova, ovo)

Plural pronouns and to be (smo, ste, su)

Masculine plural nouns (-i)

Feminine plural nouns (-e)

Neuter plural nouns (-a)

Full verb to be (jesam, jesi)

Negative verb to be (nisam, nisi)

Yes/no questions (je li)

Wh- questions (tko, gdje)

Formal vs informal address (ti vs Vi)

Regular present tense (-ati)

Regular present tense (-iti)

Regular present tense (-jeti)

Verb negation (ne)

The verb to have (imati / nemati)

Inanimate direct objects

Feminine direct objects (-u)

Plural direct objects (-e, -a)

Accusative pronouns (me, te, ga, ju)

Adjective agreement

Plural adjectives

Accusative adjectives

Numbers 1 to 10 (jedan, dva, tri)

The locative case (-u)

Feminine locative (-i)

The verb to go (ići)

Destination (u, na)

The genitive case (-a)

Accusative pronouns (nas, vas, ga, ih)

Animate masculine accusative (-a)

Adjective agreement for animate masculine (-og, -eg)

The verb can (moći)

The verb must (morati)

The verb to want (htjeti, hoću)

The future tense (ću/ćeš + infinitive)

The past tense: l-participle (radio, radila)

Past tense word order (Prvo sam radio...)

Past tense with plural subjects (-li, -le, -la)

Feminine genitive singular (-e)

Possession and origin (od, iz)

Negative existence (nema)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Genitive plural (-a)

Numbers 11 to 20

Past tense negation (nisam)

Past tense questions (jeste li)

Dative singular

Dative pronouns (ti, mu, joj)

Past tense negation (nisam, nisi...)

Double object pronouns (mu ga, ti ju...)

Reflexive verbs (se)

Reflexive clitic word order

Commands and requests (radi, radite)

Plural demonstratives (ovi, ove, ova)

Possessive determiners (moj, naš, njegov)

Greetings (Dobar dan, doviđenja)

The body: Boli me glava

Directions (lijevo, desno, ravno)

There is, there are (ima)

Politeness (molim vas, hvala lijepa)

How you feel (Sviđa mi se)

Counting by tens to 100 (trideset, četrdeset...)

Quantifiers with the genitive case (malo, puno...)

Adjective agreement in the genitive singular (-og, -e)

Adjective agreement in the genitive plural (-ih)

Genitive prepositions (kod, do, bez...)

Asking what kind and which (kakav, koji)

Possessive determiners (njegov, njezin...)

Possessives in the accusative case

The reflexive possessive (svoj)

Indefinite pronouns (netko, nešto, neki)

Negative pronouns (nitko, ništa)

The verb to need (trebati)

Reciprocal verbs (se)

Introduction to verbal aspect

Perfective verbs with prefixes

Perfective verbs with stem changes

Irregular perfective verbs

Aspect in the past tense

Aspect in the future tense

Vehicular motion (voziti se, putovati)

Arrival and departure ('doći', 'otići')

Entering and exiting ('ući', 'izaći')

Singular accompaniment ('s', 'sa')

Question	Answer
scoop	kuglica
vanilla	vanilija
little cup	čašica
I want two scoops of vanilla in a cup.	Želim dvije kuglice vanilije u čašici.
cone	kornet
Do you want ice cream in a cone or in a cup?	Želiš li sladoled u kornetu ili u čašici?
strawberry	jagoda
hazelnut	lješnjak
Unfortunately, there is no more strawberry or hazelnut.	Nažalost, više nema jagode ni lješnjaka.
Ice cream in a cup is eaten with a small spoon.	Sladoled u čašici jede se malom žlicom.
refreshment	osvježenje
Today is hot, so everyone is looking forward to refreshment.	Danas je vruće pa se svi raduju osvježenju.
to melt	topiti se
Eat that quickly because it is melting!	Pojedi to brzo jer se topi!
sticky	ljepljiv
topping	preljev
Careful, the sticky topping is falling on the floor!	Pazi, ljepljivi preljev pada na pod!
Ice cream in a cone melts and becomes sticky.	Sladoled u kornetu topi se i postaje ljepljiv.
I will take a scoop of vanilla and a scoop of hazelnut in a cone.	Uzet ću kuglicu vanilije i kuglicu lješnjaka u kornetu.
Strawberry ice cream in a sweet topping is a wonderful refreshment.	Sladoled od jagode u slatkom preljevu divno je osvježenje.
kid (colloquial)	klinac
Kids love ice cream.	Klinci vole sladoled.
That kid is really smart.	Taj klinac je jako pametan.

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