Learn Arabic (Modern Standard): هل تحضيرات حفل الزفاف جاهزة؟ - Are the preparations for the wedding ready?

The subject of the sentence is تحضيرات (preparations), which is a non-human plural. In Arabic grammar, non-human plurals are always treated as feminine singular. Therefore, the predicate adjective جاهزة (ready) takes the feminine singular form to agree with it.

There is no word for "the" before "preparations" or "for" in this sentence. How does that translate?

The phrase تحضيرات حفل الزفاف is a complex iḍāfa (a genitive construct or chain of nouns indicating possession/relation). It literally translates to "preparations of the party of the wedding." In an iḍāfa, only the final noun takes the definite article الـ. The earlier nouns (تحضيرات and حفل) are automatically made definite by the chain, so you naturally translate them with "the" in English.

Could I use the preposition "لـ" (for) instead of linking all three nouns together?

Yes, you could say هل التحضيرات لحفل الزفاف جاهزة؟ (Are the preparations for the wedding party ready?). This breaks the noun chain by adding "the" to preparations and using the preposition "for". Both are completely correct, but stringing three nouns together into a continuous iḍāfa, as shown in the original sentence, is a very common and elegant phrasing in Modern Standard Arabic.

What verb does the word "تحضيرات" (preparations) come from?