Question 1

How does the passive construction work here with يجري?

Accepted Answer

Instead of using the traditional internal passive, modern Arabic often uses an auxiliary verb like يجري (literally 'it runs' or 'it happens') followed by a verbal noun (masdar). Here, يجري combines with the verbal noun تشغيل (operating) to mean 'the operating is happening,' which translates naturally to 'is being operated.'

Question 2

What is the grammatical case of تشغيل and الآلات?

Accepted Answer

تشغيل is the subject of the verb يجري, so it is in the nominative case and would end with a damma. It also forms the first part of an idaafa (possessive construction) with الآلات. Because it is the second part of the idaafa, الآلات is in the genitive case and takes a kasra. Literally, this means 'The operating of the machines is happening.'

Question 3

Could we use يتم instead of يجري in this sentence?

Accepted Answer

Yes, يتم تشغيل would mean almost exactly the same thing and is grammatically identical. However, يجري is often preferred for ongoing, continuous actions ('is being operated'), whereas يتم can sometimes imply the completion of a process, though they are largely interchangeable in modern media and professional texts.

Question 4

How does the phrase بشكل آلي translate to 'automatically'?

Accepted Answer

Arabic does not have a direct equivalent to the English '-ly' suffix for adverbs. Instead, it frequently uses the preposition بـ (with/in) attached to the noun شكل (shape/form/manner), followed by an adjective. Here, شكل is modified by آلي (automatic). So, بشكل آلي literally means 'in an automatic manner,' which translates as 'automatically.'

يجري تشغيل الآلات بشكل آلي.

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