Breakdown of البنت التي فازت بالمسابقة بطلة.
بنتbint
girl; daughter
بbi
by, with (attached)
فازfâza
to win
التيallatî
the one who / which (f)
مسابقةmusâbaqah
competition
بطلbatal
champion / hero
Questions & Answers about البنت التي فازت بالمسابقة بطلة.
Why do we use التي here instead of الذي?
التي means "who" or "which" for feminine nouns. Since it refers back to البنت (the girl), which is feminine, we must use التي. If we were talking about a boy (الولد), we would use the masculine form الذي.
Why is there a ب attached to the word for the competition (المسابقة)?
In Arabic, the verb for "to win" (فاز or فازت for a female) is usually followed by the preposition ب (meaning "with" or "by"). So, you literally say she "won with the competition" (فازت بالمسابقة) instead of just "won the competition".
There is no word for "is" in this sentence. How do we know it means "is a champion"?
Arabic does not use a word for "is" in the present tense. This is a basic equating sentence. The first chunk is the subject, "The girl who won the competition" (البنت التي فازت بالمسابقة), and the second chunk is the information about her, "a champion" (بطلة). The "is" is automatically understood between them.
Why does the sentence end with بطلة instead of بطل?
Because the champion is a girl (البنت). Nouns that describe a person's title or profession must match their gender. We add the feminine ending taa marbuta (ة) to the masculine word for champion (بطل) to make it feminine (بطلة).
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