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### The Particle كي

You already know that particles like أن and لن change the present tense verb that follows them into the subjunctive mood. Another common particle that triggers the subjunctive is كي, which means "so that" or "in order to".

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### Plural Subjunctive

For most singular subjects, the subjunctive mood changes the verb's final short vowel to a fatha. However, when the subject is masculine plural (such as "they" or "you all"), the rule changes.

In the regular present tense, these verbs end with the suffix ون. To change them to the subjunctive mood, you must drop the final ن and add a silent ا at the end of the word.

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Notice how both verbs drop the ن after أن and كي in the following sentence:

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### Dual Subjunctive

When speaking about exactly two people or things, the standard present tense verb ends with the dual suffix ان. To form the subjunctive, simply drop the final ن. The verb will end with the long vowel ا.

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### 2nd Person Feminine Singular Subjunctive

A similar rule applies when addressing a single female ("you"). The standard present tense ends with the suffix ين. In the subjunctive mood, you drop the final ن, leaving the long vowel ي at the end of the verb.

{{item:1120910}}

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Plural and dual subjunctive

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

interrogative

noun

numeral

particle

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite article and locatives (الـ)

Basic noun gender (ة)

Sun and moon letters

Singular subject pronouns (أنا، أنت، هو، هي)

Indefinite nouns and nominal sentences (ـٌ)

Demonstrative pronouns for 'this' (هذا / هذه)

Separate prepositions (في، من، إلى، على)

Attributive adjectives

Predicative adjectives

Yes/No questions (هل، أ)

Basic questions (من، ما، أين)

Singular possessive pronouns (ـي، ـك، ـه، ـها)

Plural subject pronouns (نحن، أنتم، هم)

Plural possessive pronouns (ـنا، ـكم، ـهم)

Noun possession

Attached prepositions (بـ، لـ، كـ)

Pronouns with prepositions

Having and possessing (عند، لـ، مع)

Regular plural nouns (ـون، ـين، ـات)

Broken plurals

Dual nouns (ـان / ـين)

Plural and distant demonstratives (هؤلاء، ذلك، تلك)

Non-human plural agreement

Present tense singular verbs

Verbal sentences (VSO)

Present tense plural verbs

Topicalized sentences (SVO)

The indefinite accusative case (ـاً)

Verb object pronouns (-ني، -ك، -ه)

Present tense negation (لا)

Question words with verbs (متى، كيف...)

Adverbs of time and place

The future tense (سـ / سوف)

Intentions and desires (أن)

Negating states and possession (ليس)

Past tense singular suffixes

Past tense plural suffixes

Negating past events (ما)

Singular commands

Numbers 1 to 10

Number agreement for 1 and 2 (واحد، اثنان)

Asking how many (كم)

Numbers 3 to 10 (ثلاثة إلى عشرة)

Ordinal numbers 1 to 10 (الأول، الثاني)

Basic conjunctions (فـ، أو، لكن)

Ordering at a café (واحد، اثنان)

Food and drink with conjunctions (و، ف، أو، لكن)

There is and there are (هناك / ليس هناك)

Direct address (يا)

Giving reasons (لأنّ)

Relative pronouns (الذي / التي)

Quantifiers (كل / بعض)

The past tense of 'to be' (كان)

Past possession

Numbers 11 to 19 and tens to 80

Telling time (الساعة)

This book vs this is a book (هذا الكتاب، هذا كتاب)

Greetings (مرحبا، السلام عليكم)

How are you? and goodbye (كيف حالك، مع السلامة)

Nationalities (مصري، مصرية)

Roots and patterns (كتب، كتاب، مكتب)

Politeness (من فضلك، آسف)

Complex possession chains

Colors and traits (أفعل / فعلاء)

Plural colors and traits (فُعْل)

Comparative adjectives (أفعل من)

Superlative adjectives (أفعل)

Adverbs of manner (ـاً)

The nominative case (ـُ)

The genitive case (ـِ)

The accusative case (ـَ)

Dual noun cases (ـان / ـين)

Masculine plurals and 'the best of' (أفضل النجارين)

Emphasizing sentences (إنّ)

Connecting clauses (أنّ)

Reporting speech (قال إنّ)

Expressing contrast (لكنّ)

Comparison and probability (كأنّ, لعلّ)

Distant plural pointing (أولئك)

Plural relative pronouns (الذين, اللواتي)

Past habits (كان + present)

Ongoing actions (ما زال)

Masculine plurals online (مبرمجون، مؤثرون)

Perfective past (قد)

Probability (قد)

The subjunctive mood (أن)

Question	Answer
to cooperate	تعاونta'âwana
You need to cooperate on the pitch.	تحتاجون إلى أن تتعاونوا في الملعب.tahtâjûna ilâ an tataâwanû fî al-malâabi
to focus	ركزrakkaza
defense	دفاعdifâ'
The two players must focus on the defense.	اللاعبان يجب أن يركزا على الدفاع.al-lâ'ibâni yajibu an yurakkizâ 'alâ ad-difâ'i.
to attack	هاجمhâjama
attack	هجومhujûm
They will not attack today because the attack is weak.	لن يهاجموا اليوم لأن الهجوم ضعيف.lan yuhâjimû alyawma li'anna alhujûma da'îfun
to pass	مررmarrara
My friend, you must pass the ball now.	يا صديقتي، يجب أن تمرري الكرة الآن.yâ sadîqatî, yajibu an tumarriri l-kurata l-âna.
to defend	دافعdâfa'a
The coach said that they will not defend in the match.	قال المدرب إنهم لن يدافعوا في المباراة.qâla al-mudarribu innahum lan yudâfi'û fî al-mubârâti
so that	كيkay
You must focus on the attack so that you win.	يجب أن تركزوا على الهجوم كي تفوزوا.yajibu an turakkizû 'alâ al-hujûmi kay tafûzû
The two boys will not cooperate on the pitch.	الولدان لن يتعاونا في الملعب.al-waladâni lan yataâwanâ fil-malab.
to score	سجلsajjala
goal	هدفhadaf
You must pass the ball so that you score a goal.	يجب أن تمرروا الكرة كي تسجلوا هدفا.yajibu an tumarriru l-kurata kay tusajjilu hadafan
We need to play, and you must score goals.	نحتاج إلى أن نلعب، ويجب أن تسجلوا أهدافا.naḥtâju ilâ an nal'aba, wa yajibu an tusajjilû ahdâfan
The two teams must defend the goal.	الفريقان يجب أن يدافعا عن الهدف.al-fariiqâni yajibu an yudaafiaa ani l-hadafi.
How many times must you pass the ball?	كم مرة يجب أن تمرروا الكرة؟kam marratin yajibu an tumarriru l-kurata?
Do you want to score a goal?	هل تريدين أن تسجلي هدفا؟hal turîdîna an tusajjilî hadafan?
Why will they not cooperate in the defense?	لماذا لن يتعاونوا في الدفاع؟limâdhâ lan yata'âwanû fî d-difâ'?
The team's defense is still weak.	ما زال دفاع الفريق ضعيفا.mâ zâla difâu l-farîqi daîfan
You must pass the ball in order to attack.	يجب أن تمرروا الكرة كي تهاجموا.yajibu an tumarrirû al-kurata kay tuhâjimû